From 41e1267bb130491d116ad526dc305f8da72836b5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Aly Date: Wed, 24 Nov 2021 12:57:56 -0700 Subject: [PATCH] Endothermy --- endothermy.md | 32 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 32 insertions(+) diff --git a/endothermy.md b/endothermy.md index 09c50b3..07a4406 100644 --- a/endothermy.md +++ b/endothermy.md @@ -1,3 +1,35 @@ # Endothermy - Present in [[Mammalia]] and [[Aves]] +- [[Brown fat]] [[mitochondrion]] + - Puts food and oxygen towards generating heat instead of ATP +- Maintaining body temperature is important for [[enzymes]] to operate +- Metabolic rate _decreases_ when temperature increases, the direct opposite + of [[ectothermy]] +- [[Fish]] swimming styles + - [[Tuna]]: [[Thunniform swimming]] with a narrow [[caudal peduncle]] and a + sickle-shaped tail, leaves less turbulence behind and uses less energy + - [[Trout]]: [[Subcaraigiform swimming]] leaves turbulence behind but allows + more mobility + - Most kinds of fish are [[ectothermy|ectothermic]] + - Thunniform swimmers have the muscles they use on their inside, so heat + is generated internally, where most fish have their swimming muscles on + the outside which get cooled by the water + - This elevated body temperature allows them to be fast thinkers and movers +- Endothermy is costly + - We expect endotherms to reduce the costs via adaptations + - We expect endothermy to only evolve when the costs can be offset + - Minimizing heat loss + - [[Gigantothermy]]: The bigger you are, the less surface area there is to + lose body temperature to + - Allow temperature to drop purposefully during some times in some places + - [[Hibernation]] + - Reducing circulation + - [[Insulation]]: Hot-body radiation only occurs at the surface, so if + you can prevent heat from reaching the surface, you can prevent + hot-body radiation + - [[Feathers]]: When you pick up a bird it will be cold, although without + its feathers it would be warm + - [[Countercurrent Heat Exchange]]: If the blood on the way back from + an extremity would be cold, wrap the veins around the arteries so the + returning blood warms up while the leaving blood cools