From 112aae198253f39108e3f8809daf1e846f36e155 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Aly Cerruti Date: Wed, 13 Oct 2021 02:17:43 -0700 Subject: [PATCH] First two major clades of the Eukarya --- alveolata.md | 2 ++ apicomplexa.md | 15 +++++++++ archaea.md | 2 ++ brown-algae.md | 10 ++++++ ciliophora.md | 10 ++++++ diatoms.md | 11 +++++++ dinoflagellata.md | 10 ++++++ diplomonadida.md | 10 ++++++ endosymbiosis.md | 2 ++ euglenozoa.md | 15 +++++++++ eukarya.md | 78 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ excavata.md | 2 ++ heterokonta.md | 7 +++++ metamonada.md | 12 ++++++++ mitochondria.md | 2 ++ mitochondrion.md | 2 ++ oomycota.md | 12 ++++++++ parabasalia.md | 20 ++++++++++++ sar-supergroup.md | 3 ++ 19 files changed, 225 insertions(+) create mode 100644 alveolata.md create mode 100644 apicomplexa.md create mode 100644 brown-algae.md create mode 100644 ciliophora.md create mode 100644 diatoms.md create mode 100644 dinoflagellata.md create mode 100644 diplomonadida.md create mode 100644 endosymbiosis.md create mode 100644 euglenozoa.md create mode 100644 eukarya.md create mode 100644 excavata.md create mode 100644 heterokonta.md create mode 100644 metamonada.md create mode 100644 mitochondria.md create mode 100644 mitochondrion.md create mode 100644 oomycota.md create mode 100644 parabasalia.md create mode 100644 sar-supergroup.md diff --git a/alveolata.md b/alveolata.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2a6fdb5 --- /dev/null +++ b/alveolata.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +# Alveolata + diff --git a/apicomplexa.md b/apicomplexa.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b552712 --- /dev/null +++ b/apicomplexa.md @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +# Apicomplexa + +- Members of the [[Alveolata]] [[pyhlum]] of the [[SAR Supergroup]] +- Plasmodium Falciparum + - Causes malaria +- Toxoplasma Gondii + - Normal cycle of infection revolves around mice and house cats + - Makes mice act arrogant around predators to transmit to cats + - Cat feces carries the parasite, which ends up being transmitted to mice + +[//begin]: # "Autogenerated link references for markdown compatibility" +[Alveolata]: alveolata "Alveolata" +[SAR Supergroup]: sar-supergroup "SAR Supergroup" +[//end]: # "Autogenerated link references" + diff --git a/archaea.md b/archaea.md index 2e3fc3b..8618485 100644 --- a/archaea.md +++ b/archaea.md @@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ [//begin]: # "Autogenerated link references for markdown compatibility" [bacteria]: bacteria "Bacteria" +[eukarya]: eukarya "Eukarya" [Lokiarchaeota]: lokiarchaeota "Lokiarchaeota" [TACK Supergroup]: tack-supergroup "TACK Supergroup" [Archaea]: archaea "Archaea" @@ -30,4 +31,5 @@ [Korarchaeota]: korarchaeota "Korarchaeota" [Thaumarchaeota]: thaumarchaeota "Thaumarchaeota" [Crenarchaeota]: crenarchaeota "Crenarchaeota" +[Eukarya]: eukarya "Eukarya" [//end]: # "Autogenerated link references" diff --git a/brown-algae.md b/brown-algae.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..90be024 --- /dev/null +++ b/brown-algae.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +# Brown algae + +- Members of the [[Heterokonta]] [[phylum]] of the [[SAR Supergroup]] +- Macrocystis Pyrifera + - Giant kelp + +[//begin]: # "Autogenerated link references for markdown compatibility" +[Heterokonta]: heterokonta "Heterokonta" +[SAR Supergroup]: sar-supergroup "SAR Supergroup" +[//end]: # "Autogenerated link references" diff --git a/ciliophora.md b/ciliophora.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8a15b8c --- /dev/null +++ b/ciliophora.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +# Ciliophora + +- Members of the [[Alveolata]] [[pyhlum]] of the [[SAR Supergroup]] +- Have hundreds to thousands of cilia used for feeding and mobility +- Abundant and diverse in most aquatic habitats + +[//begin]: # "Autogenerated link references for markdown compatibility" +[Alveolata]: alveolata "Alveolata" +[SAR Supergroup]: sar-supergroup "SAR Supergroup" +[//end]: # "Autogenerated link references" diff --git a/diatoms.md b/diatoms.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2cf2725 --- /dev/null +++ b/diatoms.md @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +# Diatoms + +- Members of the [[Heterokonta]] [[phylum]] of the [[SAR Supergroup]] +- Photosynthetic algae, with silica-rich shells + - When diatomaceous earth is exposed, silica can be harvested from the + remains of diatoms + +[//begin]: # "Autogenerated link references for markdown compatibility" +[Heterokonta]: heterokonta "Heterokonta" +[SAR Supergroup]: sar-supergroup "SAR Supergroup" +[//end]: # "Autogenerated link references" diff --git a/dinoflagellata.md b/dinoflagellata.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..26a9e86 --- /dev/null +++ b/dinoflagellata.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +# Dinoflagellata + +- Members of the [[Alveolata]] [[pyhlum]] of the [[SAR Supergroup]] +- Associated with red tides + - Lingulodinium Polyedrum + +[//begin]: # "Autogenerated link references for markdown compatibility" +[Alveolata]: alveolata "Alveolata" +[SAR Supergroup]: sar-supergroup "SAR Supergroup" +[//end]: # "Autogenerated link references" diff --git a/diplomonadida.md b/diplomonadida.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..73e1afb --- /dev/null +++ b/diplomonadida.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +# Diplomonadida + +- Members of the [[Metamonada]] [[phylum]] of the [[Excavata]] +- Giardia Intestinalis + - Relatively common in wildlife + +[//begin]: # "Autogenerated link references for markdown compatibility" +[Metamonada]: metamonada "Metamonada" +[Excavata]: excavata "Excavata" +[//end]: # "Autogenerated link references" diff --git a/endosymbiosis.md b/endosymbiosis.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1989a79 --- /dev/null +++ b/endosymbiosis.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +# Endosymbiosis + diff --git a/euglenozoa.md b/euglenozoa.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5eef039 --- /dev/null +++ b/euglenozoa.md @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +# Euglenozoa + +- Members of the [[Excavata]] +- Euglena Gracilis + - Photosynthetic, free-living +- Typanosoma Cruzi (Chagas Disease) and Trypanosoma Brucei (African Sleeping +Sickness) + - Nonphotosynthetic, parasitic + - Transmitted by arthropod vectors + - Because they're eukaryotic and aerobic, they're hard to target with + medication + +[//begin]: # "Autogenerated link references for markdown compatibility" +[Excavata]: excavata "Excavata" +[//end]: # "Autogenerated link references" diff --git a/eukarya.md b/eukarya.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d50e9f5 --- /dev/null +++ b/eukarya.md @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ +# Eukarya + +- There are two parts to the origin of eukaryotic cells: + - [[Endosymbiosis]]: Theorized by [[Lynn Margulis]], proposes that + mitochondria, along with other eukaryotic organelles, first existed as + independent organisms + - [[Endomembrane System]]: Documented by [[Christian de Duve]], the + endomembrane system involves parts of organelles specific to eukaryotic + organelles, such as the nuclear envelope +- In eukaryotes, [[mitochondria]] have separate DNA from the nuclear genome, +which is evidence for [[Endosymbiosis]] + +## Taxonomy + +- [[Eukarya]] + - Bikonta + - [[Excavata]] + - [[Euglenozoa]] + - [[Metamonada]] + - Trichozoa + - [[Diplomonadida]] + - [[Parabasalia]] + - Diaphoretickes + - [[SAR Supergroup]] + - Rhizaria + - Cercozoa + - Retaria + - Foraminifera + - Radiolaria + - Halvaria + - [[Alveolata]] + - [[Ciliophora]] + - Myzozoa + - [[Apicomplexa]] + - [[Dinoflagellata]] + - [[Heterokonta]] (Stramenopiles) + - [[Diatoms]] + - [[Oomycota]] + - [[Brown algae]] + - [[Archaeplastida]] + - Red algae + - Viridiplantae + - Chlorophyta + - Streptophyta + - Charophyta + - Embryophyta (land plants) + - [[Unikonta]] + - Amoebozoa + - Tubulinea + - Entamoeba + - Eumycetozoa (slime molds) + - Opisthokonta + - Holomycota + - Nucleariida + - Fungi + - Holozoa + - Choanoflagellatea + - Animalia + +[//begin]: # "Autogenerated link references for markdown compatibility" +[Endosymbiosis]: endosymbiosis "Endosymbiosis" +[mitochondria]: mitochondrion "mitochondrion" +[Eukarya]: eukarya "Eukarya" +[Excavata]: excavata "Excavata" +[Euglenozoa]: euglenozoa "Euglenozoa" +[Metamonada]: metamonada "Metamonada" +[Diplomonadida]: diplomonadida "Diplomonadida" +[Parabasalia]: parabasalia "Parabasalia" +[SAR Supergroup]: sar-supergroup "SAR Supergroup" +[Alveolata]: alveolata "Alveolata" +[Ciliophora]: ciliophora "Ciliophora" +[Apicomplexa]: apicomplexa "Apicomplexa" +[Dinoflagellata]: dinoflagellata "Dinoflagellata" +[Heterokonta]: heterokonta "Heterokonta" +[Diatoms]: diatoms "Diatoms" +[Oomycota]: oomycota "Oomycota" +[Brown algae]: brown-algae "Brown algae" +[//end]: # "Autogenerated link references" diff --git a/excavata.md b/excavata.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..231d47e --- /dev/null +++ b/excavata.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +# Excavata + diff --git a/heterokonta.md b/heterokonta.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1af2cc8 --- /dev/null +++ b/heterokonta.md @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +# Heterokonta + +- A [[phylum]] of the [[SAR Supergroup]] with two kinds of flagella + +[//begin]: # "Autogenerated link references for markdown compatibility" +[SAR Supergroup]: sar-supergroup "SAR Supergroup" +[//end]: # "Autogenerated link references" diff --git a/metamonada.md b/metamonada.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..367d3e1 --- /dev/null +++ b/metamonada.md @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +# Metamonada + +- A [[phylum]] of the [[Excavata]] which lacks [[mitochondria]] + - This means they're adapted to anaerobic environments +- Includes [[Diplomonadida]] and [[Parabasalia]] + +[//begin]: # "Autogenerated link references for markdown compatibility" +[Excavata]: excavata "Excavata" +[mitochondria]: mitochondrion "mitochondrion" +[Diplomonadida]: diplomonadida "Diplomonadida" +[Parabasalia]: parabasalia "Parabasalia" +[//end]: # "Autogenerated link references" diff --git a/mitochondria.md b/mitochondria.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2b77fe7 --- /dev/null +++ b/mitochondria.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +# mitochondria + diff --git a/mitochondrion.md b/mitochondrion.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2fd9504 --- /dev/null +++ b/mitochondrion.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +# mitochondrion + diff --git a/oomycota.md b/oomycota.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..15cf0f2 --- /dev/null +++ b/oomycota.md @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +# Oomycota + +- Members of the [[Heterokonta]] [[phylum]] of the [[SAR Supergroup]] +- Heterotrophic and fungus-like +- Fish parasites +- Phytophthora Infestans + - Cause of Irish Potato Famine + +[//begin]: # "Autogenerated link references for markdown compatibility" +[Heterokonta]: heterokonta "Heterokonta" +[SAR Supergroup]: sar-supergroup "SAR Supergroup" +[//end]: # "Autogenerated link references" diff --git a/parabasalia.md b/parabasalia.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..40b736e --- /dev/null +++ b/parabasalia.md @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +# Parabasalia + +- Members of the [[Metamonada]] [[phylum]] of the [[Excavata]] +- Flagellated anaerobes, living within anaerobic spaces within other animals +- Mixotricha Paradoxa + - Found in the gut of termites + - Cellulose is not digestable by most animals + - Mixotricha Paradoxa can break down cellulose before the termite digests it + - Mixotricha Paradoxa doesn't produce cellulase + - Unclear whether the termite actually digests the Mixotricha Paradoxa or + lets it live + - Uses own flagellum as rudders, while [[spirochetes]] power the movement +- Trichomonas Vaginalis + - Agent of STD in humans + +[//begin]: # "Autogenerated link references for markdown compatibility" +[Metamonada]: metamonada "Metamonada" +[Excavata]: excavata "Excavata" +[spirochetes]: spirochaeota "Spirochaeota" +[//end]: # "Autogenerated link references" diff --git a/sar-supergroup.md b/sar-supergroup.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b56ff20 --- /dev/null +++ b/sar-supergroup.md @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +# SAR Supergroup + +