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Update and simplify README.md
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Martin Wimpress
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README.md
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README.md
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@ -4,20 +4,22 @@
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Quickemu
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</h1>
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<p align="center"><b>Simple shell script to "manage" Qemu virtual machines.</b></p>
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<p align="center"><b>Simple script to "manage" Qemu virtual machines.</b></p>
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<div align="center"><img src=".github/screenshot.png" alt="Quickemu Screenshot" /></div>
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<p align="center">Made with 💝 for <img src=".github/tux.png" align="top" width="18" /></p>
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## Introduction
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Quickemu is a very simple script to "manage" Qemu virtual machines. Each
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virtual machine configuration is broadly the same requiring minimal setup. The
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Quickemu is a simple script to *"manage"* Qemu virtual machines. Each virtual
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machine configuration is a few lines long requiring minimal setup. The
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main objective of the project is to enable quick testing of desktop Linux
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distributions where the virtual machines can be stored anywhere, such as
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external USB storage.
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distributions where the virtual machines configuration and disk images can be
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stored anywhere, such as external USB storage or your home directory. **Windows
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and macOS guests are also supported.**
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Quickemu is opinionated and will attempt to *"do the right thing"* rather than
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expose rich configuration options. Quickemu is a wrapper for [QEMU](https://www.qemu.org/). See the video where I explain some of my motivations for creating this script.
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Quickemu will attempt to *"do the right thing"* rather than expose rich
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configuration options. Quickemu is a wrapper for [QEMU](https://www.qemu.org/).
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See the video where I explain some of my motivations for creating this script.
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We have a Discord for this project: [](https://discord.gg/sNmz3uw)
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@ -53,54 +55,24 @@ sudo apt install quickemu
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## Usage
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### Linux
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### Linux Guest
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* Download a .iso image of a Linux distribution
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* Create a VM configuration file; for example `ubuntu.conf`
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* The **default** `guest_os` is `linux`, so this is optional for Linux VM configs.
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* The `boot` option enables Legacy BIOS (`legacy`) or EFI (`efi`) booting. `legacy` is the default.
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```
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```bash
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boot="legacy"
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guest_os="linux"
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iso="/media/$USER/Quickemu/ubuntu/focal-desktop-amd64.iso"
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disk_img="/media/$USER/Quickemu/ubuntu/focal-desktop-amd64.qcow2"
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disk=128G
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port_forwards=("8123:8123" "8888:80")
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usb_devices=("046d:082d" "046d:085e")
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iso="${HOME}/Quickemu/ubuntu/focal-desktop-amd64.iso"
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disk_img="${HOME}/Quickemu/ubuntu/focal-desktop-amd64.qcow2"
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```
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* Use `quickemu` to start the virtual machine:
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```
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./quickemu --vm ubuntu-focal-desktop.conf
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```
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Which will output something like this:
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```
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Starting /media/martin/Quickemu/ubuntu-focal-desktop.conf
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- QEMU: /usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 v6.0.0
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- Guest: Linux optimised
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- BIOS: Legacy BIOS
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- Disk: /media/martin/Quickemu/ubuntu/focal-desktop-amd64.qcow2 (64G)
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- ISO: /media/martin/Quickemu/ubuntu/focal-desktop-amd64.iso
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- CPU: 4 Core(s)
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- RAM: 4G
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- Screen: 1664x936
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- Video: virtio-vga
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- GL: ON
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- Virgil3D: ON
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- Display: SDL
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- smbd: /home/martin will be exported to the guest via smb://10.0.2.4/qemu
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- ssh: 22221/tcp is connected. Login via 'ssh user@localhost -p 22221'
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- PORTS: Port forwards requested:
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- 8123 => 8123
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- 8888 => 80
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- USB: Device pass-through requested:
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- Logitech, Inc. HD Pro Webcam C920
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- Logitech, Inc. Logitech BRIO
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Requested USB device(s) are accessible.
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```bash
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quickemu --vm ubuntu-focal-desktop.conf
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```
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* Complete the installation as normal.
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@ -110,14 +82,9 @@ Starting /media/martin/Quickemu/ubuntu-focal-desktop.conf
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* Install the SPICE WebDAV agent (`spice-webdavd`) to enable file sharing.
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* Debian/Ubuntu `sudo apt install spice-webdavd`
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* A Desktop shortcut can be created (in ~/.local/share/applications):
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```
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./quickemu --shortcut --vm ubuntu-focal-desktop.conf
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```
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### Windows 10 Guest
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### Windows 10
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You can use `quickemu` to run a Windows 10 virtual machine.
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You can use `quickemu` to run Windows 10 in a virtual machine.
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* [Download Windows 10](https://www.microsoft.com/en-gb/software-download/windows10ISO)
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* [Download VirtIO drivers for Windows](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/creating-windows-virtual-machines-using-virtio-drivers/index.html#virtio-win-direct-downloads)
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@ -129,50 +96,18 @@ You can use `quickemu` to run a Windows 10 virtual machine.
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* The `boot` option enables Legacy BIOS (`legacy`) or EFI (`efi`) booting. `legacy` is the default.
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* The `guest_os="windows"` line instructs `quickemu` to use optimise for Windows.
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```
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```bash
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boot="legacy"
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guest_os="windows"
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iso="/media/$USER/Quickemu/windows10/Win10_1909_English_x64.iso"
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driver_iso="/media/$USER/Quickemu/windows10/virtio-win-0.1.173.iso"
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disk_img="/media/$USER/Quickemu/windows10/windows10.qcow2"
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disk=128G
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port_forwards=("8123:8123" "8888:80")
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usb_devices=("046d:082d" "046d:085e")
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iso="${HOME}/Quickemu/windows10/Win10_1909_English_x64.iso"
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driver_iso="${HOME}/Quickemu/windows10/virtio-win-0.1.173.iso"
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disk_img="${HOME}/Quickemu/windows10/windows10.qcow2"
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```
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* Use `quickemu` to start the virtual machine:
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```
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./quickemu --vm windows10.conf
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```
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Which will output something like this:
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```
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Starting /media/martin/Quickemu/windows10.conf
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- QEMU: /usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 v6.0.0
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- Guest: Windows optimised
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- BIOS: Legacy BIOS
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- Disk: /media/martin/Quickemu/windows10/windows10.qcow2 (64G)
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Just created, booting from /media/martin/Quickemu/windows10/Win10_1909_English_x64.iso
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- Boot: /media/martin/Quickemu/windows10/Win10_1909_English_x64.iso
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- Drivers: /media/martin/Quickemu/windows10/virtio-win-0.1.173.iso
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- CPU: 4 Core(s)
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- RAM: 4G
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- Screen: 1664x936
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- Video: qxl-vga
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- GL: ON
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- Virgil3D: OFF
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- Display: SDL
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- smbd: /home/martin will be exported to the guest via smb://10.0.2.4/qemu
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- ssh: 22221/tcp is connected. Login via 'ssh user@localhost -p 22221'
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- PORTS: Port forwards requested:
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- 8123 => 8123
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- 8888 => 80
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- USB: Device pass-through requested:
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- Logitech, Inc. HD Pro Webcam C920
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- Logitech, Inc. Logitech BRIO
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Requested USB device(s) are accessible.
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```bash
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quickemu --vm windows10.conf
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```
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* During the Windows 10 install you will be asked *"Where do you want to install Windows?"*
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@ -185,7 +120,7 @@ Starting /media/martin/Quickemu/windows10.conf
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* Install [spice-webdavd](https://www.spice-space.org/download/windows/spice-webdavd/)
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* Install [UsbDk](https://www.spice-space.org/download/windows/usbdk/)
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### macOS
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### macOS Guest
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There are some considerations when running macOS via Quickemu.
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@ -205,7 +140,7 @@ You can use `quickemu` to run a macOS virtual machine.
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* Download macOS using `fetch-macos.py`
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```
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```bash
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wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/foxlet/macOS-Simple-KVM/master/tools/FetchMacOS/fetch-macos.py -O fetch-macos.py
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python3 -m venv venv
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. venv/bin/activate
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@ -218,42 +153,16 @@ qemu-img convert BaseSystem/BaseSystem.dmg -O raw BaseSystem.img
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* The `guest_os="macos"` line instructs `quickemu` to use optimise for macOS.
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* The `img=` sets the boot disk that you downloaded with `fetch-macos.py`
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```
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```bash
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guest_os="macos"
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img="/media/$USER/Quickemu/macos/BaseSystem.img"
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disk_img="/media/$USER/Quickemu/macos/macos.qcow2"
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disk=128G
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port_forwards=("8123:8123" "8888:80")
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usb_devices=("046d:082d" "046d:085e")
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img="${HOME}/Quickemu/macos/BaseSystem.img"
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disk_img="${HOME}/Quickemu/macos/macos.qcow2"
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```
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* Use `quickemu` to start the virtual machine:
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```
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./quickemu --vm macos.conf
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```
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Which will output something like this:
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```
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Starting macos.conf
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- QEMU: /usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 v6.0.0
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- BOOT: EFI
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- Guest: Macos optimised
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- Disk: /media/martin/Quickemu/macos/macos.qcow2 (64G)
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Just created, booting from /media/martin/Quickemu/macos/BaseSystem.img
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- CPU: 4 Core(s)
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- RAM: 4G
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- Screen: 1664x936
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- Video: VGA
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- GL: ON
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- Virgil3D: OFF
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- Display: SDL
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- smbd: /home/martin will be exported to the guest via smb://10.0.2.4/qemu
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- ssh: 22223/tcp is connected. Login via 'ssh user@localhost -p 22223'
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- PORTS: Port forwards requested:
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- 8123 => 8123
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- 8888 => 80
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```bash
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quickemu --vm macos.conf
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```
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* Boot from the BaseSystem (use cursor keys if the mouse doesn't work)
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@ -281,6 +190,29 @@ in Debian/Ubuntu.
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quickemu --vm ubuntu-focal-desktop.conf --display spice
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```
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## Tuning CPU cores, RAM & disks
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By default, Quickemu will calculate the number of CPUs cores and RAM to allocate
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to a VM based on the specifications of your host computer. You can override this
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default behaviour and tune the VM configuration to your liking.
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Add additional lines to your virtual machine configuration:
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* `cpu_cores="4"` - Specify the number of CPU cores allocated to the VM
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* `ram="4G"` - Specify the amount of RAM to allocate to the VM
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* `disk="16G"` - Specify the size of the virtual disk allocated to the VM
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## Network port forwarding
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Add an additional line to your virtual machine configuration. For example:
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* `port_forwards=("8123:8123" "8888:80")`
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In the example above:
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* Port 8123 on the host is forwarded to port 8123 on the guest.
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* Port 8888 on the host is forwarded to port 80 on the guest.
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## USB redirection
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Quickemu support USB redirection via host passthrough and SPICE passthrough.
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@ -330,32 +262,57 @@ You can also pass optional parameters
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--screen <screen> : Use specified screen to determine the window size.
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```
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## Desktop shortcuts
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Desktop shortcuts can be created for a VM, the shortcuts are saved in `~/.local/share/applications`. Here is an example of how to create a shortcut.
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```bash
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quickemu --vm ubuntu-focal-desktop.conf --shortcut
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```
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### Screen and window size
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<ins>Note about screen and window size</ins>
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`qemu` will always default to the primary monitor to display the VM's window.
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Without the `--screen` option, `quickemu` will look for the size of the smallest monitor, and use a size that fits on said monitor.
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Without the `--screen` option, `quickemu` will look for the size of the smallest
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monitor, and use a size that fits on said monitor.
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The `--screen` option forces `quickemu` to use the size of the given monitor to compute the size of the window. **It wont't use that monitor to display the VM's window if it's not the primary monitor**. This is usefull if the primary monitor if not the smallest one, and if the VM's window doesn't need to be moved around.
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The `--screen` option forces `quickemu` to use the size of the given monitor to
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compute the size of the window. **It wont't use that monitor to display the VM's
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window if it's not the primary monitor**. This is useful if the primary monitor
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if not the smallest one, and if the VM's window doesn't need to be moved around.
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The `--screen` option is also usefull with the `--fullscreen` option, again because `qemu` will always use the primary monitor. In order for the fullscreen mode to work properly, the resolution of the VM's window must match the resolution of the screen.
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The `--screen` option is also useful with the `--fullscreen` option, again
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because `qemu` will always use the primary monitor. In order for the fullscreen
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mode to work properly, the resolution of the VM's window must match the
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resolution of the screen.
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To know which screen to use, type:
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```
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```bash
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xrandr --listmonitors | grep -v Monitors
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```
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The command will output something like this:
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```
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0: +*HDMI-0 2560/597x1440/336+1920+0 HDMI-0
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1: +DVI-D-0 1920/527x1080/296+0+0 DVI-D-0
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```
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The first number is what needs to be passed to the `--screen` option.
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For example:
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```
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```bash
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quickemu --vm vm.conf --screen 0
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```
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will use my big screen to compute the size of the window, and make it 2048x1152. Without the `--screen` option, it would have used the smallest monitor and make the window 1664x936.
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The above uses the 2560x1440 screen to compute the size of the window, which
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Quickemu sizes to 2048x1152. Without the `--screen` option, Quickemu would have
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used the 1920x1080 monitor which results in a window size of 1664x936.
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## TODO
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