[format] add large FAT32 support

* Based on fat32format from Ridgecrop Consultants Ltd: http://www.ridgecrop.demon.co.uk/index.htm?fat32format.htm * Initial implementation by Tom Ehlert of DriveSnapshot: http://www.drivesnapshot.de/en/index.htm * Closes #101
2024-08-14 23:57:05 +00:00 · 2012-11-03 17:40:33 +00:00 · 2012-11-03 17:40:33 +00:00 · 22800bb8a5
commit 22800bb8a5
parent 8dc5429d9f
6 changed files with 473 additions and 29 deletions
--- a/src/format.c
+++ b/src/format.c
@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 /*
 * Rufus: The Reliable USB Formatting Utility
 * Formatting function calls
+ * Copyright (c) 2007-2009 Tom Thornhill/Ridgecrop
 * Copyright (c) 2011-2012 Pete Batard <pete@akeo.ie>
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
@ -251,6 +252,349 @@ static void ToValidLabel(WCHAR* name, BOOL bFAT)
 	wchar_to_utf8_no_alloc(name, iso_report.usb_label, sizeof(iso_report.usb_label));
 }

+/*
+ * 28.2  CALCULATING THE VOLUME SERIAL NUMBER
+ *
+ * For example, say a disk was formatted on 26 Dec 95 at 9:55 PM and 41.94
+ * seconds.  DOS takes the date and time just before it writes it to the
+ * disk.
+ * 
+ * Low order word is calculated:               Volume Serial Number is:
+ * Month & Day         12/26   0c1ah
+ * Sec & Hundrenths    41:94   295eh               3578:1d02
+ * -----
+ * 3578h
+ * 
+ * High order word is calculated:
+ * Hours & Minutes     21:55   1537h
+ * Year                1995    07cbh
+ * -----
+ * 1d02h
+ */
+static DWORD GetVolumeID(void)
+{
+	SYSTEMTIME s;
+	DWORD d;
+	WORD lo,hi,tmp;
+
+	GetLocalTime(&s);
+
+	lo = s.wDay + (s.wMonth << 8);
+	tmp = (s.wMilliseconds/10) + (s.wSecond << 8);
+	lo += tmp;
+
+	hi = s.wMinute + (s.wHour << 8);
+	hi += s.wYear;
+
+	d = lo + (hi << 16);
+	return d;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is the Microsoft calculation from FATGEN
+ * 
+ * DWORD RootDirSectors = 0;
+ * DWORD TmpVal1, TmpVal2, FATSz;
+ *
+ * TmpVal1 = DskSize - (ReservedSecCnt + RootDirSectors);
+ * TmpVal2 = (256 * SecPerClus) + NumFATs;
+ * TmpVal2 = TmpVal2 / 2;
+ * FATSz = (TmpVal1 + (TmpVal2 - 1)) / TmpVal2;
+ *
+ * return( FatSz );
+ */
+static DWORD GetFATSizeSectors(DWORD DskSize, DWORD ReservedSecCnt, DWORD SecPerClus, DWORD NumFATs, DWORD BytesPerSect)
+{
+	ULONGLONG Numerator, Denominator;
+	ULONGLONG FatElementSize = 4;
+	ULONGLONG FatSz;
+
+	// This is based on 
+	// http://hjem.get2net.dk/rune_moeller_barnkob/filesystems/fat.html
+	Numerator = FatElementSize * (DskSize - ReservedSecCnt);
+	Denominator = (SecPerClus * BytesPerSect) + (FatElementSize * NumFATs);
+	FatSz = Numerator / Denominator;
+	// round up
+	FatSz += 1;
+
+	return (DWORD)FatSz;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Large FAT32 volume formatting from fat32format by Tom Thornhill
+ * http://www.ridgecrop.demon.co.uk/index.htm?fat32format.htm
+ */
+// TODO: disable slow format for > 32 GB FAT32
+static BOOL FormatFAT32(DWORD DriveIndex)
+{
+	BOOL r = FALSE;
+	char DriveLetter;
+	DWORD i;
+	HANDLE hLogicalVolume;
+	DWORD cbRet;
+	DISK_GEOMETRY dgDrive;
+	PARTITION_INFORMATION piDrive;
+	// Recommended values
+	DWORD ReservedSectCount = 32;
+	DWORD NumFATs = 2;
+	DWORD BackupBootSect = 6;
+	DWORD VolumeId = 0; // calculated before format
+	WCHAR wLabel[64], wDriveName[] = L"#:\\";
+	DWORD BurstSize = 128; // Zero in blocks of 64K typically
+
+	// Calculated later
+	DWORD FatSize = 0; 
+	DWORD BytesPerSect = 0;
+	DWORD ClusterSize = 0;
+	DWORD SectorsPerCluster = 0;
+	DWORD TotalSectors = 0;
+	DWORD SystemAreaSize = 0;
+	DWORD UserAreaSize = 0;
+	ULONGLONG qTotalSectors = 0;
+
+	// Structures to be written to the disk
+	FAT_BOOTSECTOR32 *pFAT32BootSect = NULL;
+	FAT_FSINFO *pFAT32FsInfo = NULL;
+	DWORD *pFirstSectOfFat = NULL;
+	BYTE* pZeroSect = NULL;
+	char VolId[12] = "NO NAME    ";
+
+	// Debug temp vars
+	ULONGLONG FatNeeded, ClusterCount;
+
+	PrintStatus(0, TRUE, "Formatting...");
+	uprintf("Using large FAT32 format method\n");
+	VolumeId = GetVolumeID();
+
+	// Open the drive (volume should already be locked)
+	hLogicalVolume = GetDriveHandle(DriveIndex, &DriveLetter, TRUE, FALSE);
+	if (IS_ERROR(FormatStatus)) goto out;
+	if (hLogicalVolume == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+		die("Could not access logical volume\n", ERROR_OPEN_FAILED);
+
+	// Make sure we get exclusive access
+	if (!UnmountDrive(hLogicalVolume))
+		return r;
+
+	// Work out drive params
+	if (!DeviceIoControl (hLogicalVolume, IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY, NULL, 0, &dgDrive,
+		sizeof(dgDrive), &cbRet, NULL)) {
+		die("Failed to get device geometry\n", ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+	}
+	if (IS_ERROR(FormatStatus)) goto out;
+	if (!DeviceIoControl (hLogicalVolume, IOCTL_DISK_GET_PARTITION_INFO, NULL, 0, &piDrive,
+		sizeof(piDrive), &cbRet, NULL)) {
+		die("Failed to get parition info\n", ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+	}
+
+	BytesPerSect = dgDrive.BytesPerSector;
+
+	// Checks on Disk Size
+	qTotalSectors = piDrive.PartitionLength.QuadPart/dgDrive.BytesPerSector;
+	// Low end limit - 65536 sectors
+	if (qTotalSectors < 65536) {
+		// Most FAT32 implementations would probably mount this volume just fine,
+		// but the spec says that we shouldn't do this, so we won't
+		die("This drive is too small for FAT32 - there must be at least 64K clusters\n", APPERR(ERROR_INVALID_CLUSTER_SIZE));
+	}
+
+	if (qTotalSectors >= 0xffffffff) {
+		// This is a more fundamental limitation on FAT32 - the total sector count in the root dir
+		// ís 32bit. With a bit of creativity, FAT32 could be extended to handle at least 2^28 clusters
+		// There would need to be an extra field in the FSInfo sector, and the old sector count could
+		// be set to 0xffffffff. This is non standard though, the Windows FAT driver FASTFAT.SYS won't
+		// understand this. Perhaps a future version of FAT32 and FASTFAT will handle this.
+		die ("This drive is too big for FAT32 - max 2TB supported\n", APPERR(ERROR_INVALID_VOLUME_SIZE));
+	}
+
+	pFAT32BootSect = (FAT_BOOTSECTOR32*) calloc(BytesPerSect, 1);
+	pFAT32FsInfo = (FAT_FSINFO*) calloc(BytesPerSect, 1);
+	pFirstSectOfFat = (DWORD*) calloc(BytesPerSect, 1);
+	if (!pFAT32BootSect || !pFAT32FsInfo || !pFirstSectOfFat) {
+		die("Failed to allocate memory\n", ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY);
+	}
+
+	// fill out the boot sector and fs info
+	pFAT32BootSect->sJmpBoot[0]=0xEB;
+	pFAT32BootSect->sJmpBoot[1]=0x5A;
+	pFAT32BootSect->sJmpBoot[2]=0x90;
+	strncpy((char*)pFAT32BootSect->sOEMName, "MSWIN4.1", 8);
+	pFAT32BootSect->wBytsPerSec = (WORD) BytesPerSect;
+
+	ClusterSize = ComboBox_GetItemData(hClusterSize, ComboBox_GetCurSel(hClusterSize));
+	SectorsPerCluster = ClusterSize / BytesPerSect;
+
+	pFAT32BootSect->bSecPerClus = (BYTE) SectorsPerCluster ;
+	pFAT32BootSect->wRsvdSecCnt = (WORD) ReservedSectCount;
+	pFAT32BootSect->bNumFATs = (BYTE) NumFATs;
+	pFAT32BootSect->wRootEntCnt = 0;
+	pFAT32BootSect->wTotSec16 = 0;
+	pFAT32BootSect->bMedia = 0xF8;
+	pFAT32BootSect->wFATSz16 = 0;
+	pFAT32BootSect->wSecPerTrk = (WORD) dgDrive.SectorsPerTrack;
+	pFAT32BootSect->wNumHeads = (WORD) dgDrive.TracksPerCylinder;
+	pFAT32BootSect->dHiddSec = (DWORD) piDrive.HiddenSectors;
+	TotalSectors = (DWORD)  (piDrive.PartitionLength.QuadPart/dgDrive.BytesPerSector);
+	pFAT32BootSect->dTotSec32 = TotalSectors;
+
+	FatSize = GetFATSizeSectors(pFAT32BootSect->dTotSec32, pFAT32BootSect->wRsvdSecCnt, 
+		pFAT32BootSect->bSecPerClus, pFAT32BootSect->bNumFATs, BytesPerSect);
+
+	pFAT32BootSect->dFATSz32 = FatSize;
+	pFAT32BootSect->wExtFlags = 0;
+	pFAT32BootSect->wFSVer = 0;
+	pFAT32BootSect->dRootClus = 2;
+	pFAT32BootSect->wFSInfo = 1;
+	pFAT32BootSect->wBkBootSec = (WORD) BackupBootSect;
+	pFAT32BootSect->bDrvNum = 0x80;
+	pFAT32BootSect->Reserved1 = 0;
+	pFAT32BootSect->bBootSig = 0x29;
+
+	pFAT32BootSect->dBS_VolID = VolumeId;
+	memcpy(pFAT32BootSect->sVolLab, VolId, 11);
+	memcpy(pFAT32BootSect->sBS_FilSysType, "FAT32   ", 8);
+	((BYTE*)pFAT32BootSect)[510] = 0x55;
+	((BYTE*)pFAT32BootSect)[511] = 0xaa;
+
+	// FATGEN103.DOC says "NOTE: Many FAT documents mistakenly say that this 0xAA55 signature occupies the "last 2 bytes of 
+	// the boot sector". This statement is correct if - and only if - BPB_BytsPerSec is 512. If BPB_BytsPerSec is greater than 
+	// 512, the offsets of these signature bytes do not change (although it is perfectly OK for the last two bytes at the end 
+	// of the boot sector to also contain this signature)." 
+	// 
+	// Windows seems to only check the bytes at offsets 510 and 511. Other OSs might check the ones at the end of the sector,
+	// so we'll put them there too.
+	if (BytesPerSect != 512) {
+		((BYTE*)pFAT32BootSect)[BytesPerSect-2] = 0x55;
+		((BYTE*)pFAT32BootSect)[BytesPerSect-1] = 0xaa;
+	}
+
+	// FSInfo sect
+	pFAT32FsInfo->dLeadSig = 0x41615252;
+	pFAT32FsInfo->dStrucSig = 0x61417272;
+	pFAT32FsInfo->dFree_Count = (DWORD) -1;
+	pFAT32FsInfo->dNxt_Free = (DWORD) -1;
+	pFAT32FsInfo->dTrailSig = 0xaa550000;
+
+	// First FAT Sector
+	pFirstSectOfFat[0] = 0x0ffffff8;  // Reserved cluster 1 media id in low byte
+	pFirstSectOfFat[1] = 0x0fffffff;  // Reserved cluster 2 EOC
+	pFirstSectOfFat[2] = 0x0fffffff;  // end of cluster chain for root dir
+
+	// Write boot sector, fats
+	// Sector 0 Boot Sector
+	// Sector 1 FSInfo 
+	// Sector 2 More boot code - we write zeros here
+	// Sector 3 unused
+	// Sector 4 unused
+	// Sector 5 unused
+	// Sector 6 Backup boot sector
+	// Sector 7 Backup FSInfo sector
+	// Sector 8 Backup 'more boot code'
+	// zero'd sectors upto ReservedSectCount
+	// FAT1  ReservedSectCount to ReservedSectCount + FatSize
+	// ...
+	// FATn  ReservedSectCount to ReservedSectCount + FatSize
+	// RootDir - allocated to cluster2
+
+	UserAreaSize = TotalSectors - ReservedSectCount - (NumFATs*FatSize);
+	ClusterCount = UserAreaSize / SectorsPerCluster;
+
+	// Sanity check for a cluster count of >2^28, since the upper 4 bits of the cluster values in 
+	// the FAT are reserved.
+	if (ClusterCount > 0x0FFFFFFF) {
+		die("This drive has more than 2^28 clusters, try to specify a larger cluster size or use the default\n",
+			ERROR_INVALID_CLUSTER_SIZE);
+	}
+
+	// Sanity check - < 64K clusters means that the volume will be misdetected as FAT16
+	if (ClusterCount < 65536) {
+		die("FAT32 must have at least 65536 clusters, try to specify a smaller cluster size or use the default\n",
+			ERROR_INVALID_CLUSTER_SIZE);
+	}
+
+	// Sanity check, make sure the fat is big enough
+	// Convert the cluster count into a Fat sector count, and check the fat size value we calculated 
+	// earlier is OK.
+	FatNeeded = ClusterCount * 4;
+	FatNeeded += (BytesPerSect-1);
+	FatNeeded /= BytesPerSect;
+	if (FatNeeded > FatSize) {
+		die("This drive is too big for large FAT32 format\n", APPERR(ERROR_INVALID_VOLUME_SIZE));
+	}
+
+	// Now we're commited - print some info first
+	uprintf("Size : %gGB %u sectors\n", (double) (piDrive.PartitionLength.QuadPart / (1000*1000*1000)), TotalSectors);
+	uprintf("Cluster size %d bytes, %d Bytes Per Sector\n", SectorsPerCluster*BytesPerSect, BytesPerSect);
+	uprintf("Volume ID is %x:%x\n", VolumeId>>16, VolumeId&0xffff);
+	uprintf("%d Reserved Sectors, %d Sectors per FAT, %d FATs\n", ReservedSectCount, FatSize, NumFATs);
+	uprintf("%d Total clusters\n", ClusterCount);
+
+	// Fix up the FSInfo sector
+	pFAT32FsInfo->dFree_Count = (UserAreaSize/SectorsPerCluster) - 1;
+	pFAT32FsInfo->dNxt_Free = 3; // clusters 0-1 resered, we used cluster 2 for the root dir
+
+	uprintf("%d Free Clusters\n", pFAT32FsInfo->dFree_Count);
+	// Work out the Cluster count
+
+	// First zero out ReservedSect + FatSize * NumFats + SectorsPerCluster
+	SystemAreaSize = ReservedSectCount + (NumFATs*FatSize) + SectorsPerCluster;
+	uprintf("Clearing out %d sectors for reserved sectors, FATs and root cluster...\n", SystemAreaSize);
+
+	// Not the most effective, but easy on RAM
+	pZeroSect = (BYTE*)calloc(BytesPerSect, BurstSize);
+	if (!pZeroSect) {
+		die("Failed to allocate memory\n", ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY);
+	}
+
+	format_percent = 0.0f;
+	for (i=0; i<(SystemAreaSize+BurstSize-1); i+=BurstSize) {
+		format_percent = (100.0f*i)/(1.0f*(SystemAreaSize+BurstSize));
+		PrintStatus(0, FALSE, "Formatting: %d%% completed.", (int)format_percent);
+		UpdateProgress(OP_FORMAT, format_percent);
+		if (IS_ERROR(FormatStatus)) goto out;	// For cancellation
+		if (write_sectors(hLogicalVolume, BytesPerSect, i, BurstSize, pZeroSect) != (BytesPerSect*BurstSize)) {
+			die("Error clearing reserved sectors\n", ERROR_WRITE_FAULT);
+		}
+	}
+
+	uprintf ("Initialising reserved sectors and FATs...\n");
+	// Now we should write the boot sector and fsinfo twice, once at 0 and once at the backup boot sect position
+	for (i=0; i<2; i++) {
+		int SectorStart = (i==0) ? 0 : BackupBootSect;
+		write_sectors(hLogicalVolume, BytesPerSect, SectorStart, 1, pFAT32BootSect);
+		write_sectors(hLogicalVolume, BytesPerSect, SectorStart+1, 1, pFAT32FsInfo);
+	}
+
+	// Write the first fat sector in the right places
+	for ( i=0; i<NumFATs; i++ ) {
+		int SectorStart = ReservedSectCount + (i * FatSize );
+		uprintf("FAT #%d sector at address: %d\n", i, SectorStart);
+		write_sectors(hLogicalVolume, BytesPerSect, SectorStart, 1, pFirstSectOfFat);
+	}
+
+	// Set the FAT32 volume label
+	GetWindowTextW(hLabel, wLabel, ARRAYSIZE(wLabel));
+	ToValidLabel(wLabel, TRUE);
+	wDriveName[0] = DriveLetter;
+	// Handle must be closed for SetVolumeLabel to work
+	safe_closehandle(hLogicalVolume);
+
+	PrintStatus(0, TRUE, "Setting Label (This can take while)...");
+	if (!SetVolumeLabelW(wDriveName, wLabel)) {
+		uprintf("Could not set label: %s\n", WindowsErrorString());
+	}
+	uprintf("Format completed.\n");
+	r = TRUE;
+
+out:
+	safe_closehandle(hLogicalVolume);
+	safe_free(pFAT32BootSect);
+	safe_free(pFAT32FsInfo);
+	safe_free(pFirstSectOfFat);
+	safe_free(pZeroSect);
+	return r;
+}
+
 /*
 * Call on fmifs.dll's FormatEx() to format the drive
 */
@ -398,11 +742,24 @@ static BOOL AnalyzePBR(HANDLE hLogicalVolume)

 static BOOL ClearMBR(HANDLE hPhysicalDrive)
 {
-	FILE fake_fd = { 0 };
+	BOOL r = FALSE;
+	// Clearing the first 64K seems to help with reluctant access to large drive
+	size_t SectorSize = 65536;
+	unsigned char* pBuf = (unsigned char*) calloc(SectorSize, 1);

-	fake_fd._ptr = (char*)hPhysicalDrive;
-	fake_fd._bufsiz = SelectedDrive.Geometry.BytesPerSector;
-	return clear_mbr(&fake_fd);
+	PrintStatus(0, TRUE, "Clearing MBR...");
+	if (pBuf == NULL) {
+		FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	if ((IS_ERROR(FormatStatus)) || (write_sectors(hPhysicalDrive, SectorSize, 0, 1, pBuf) != SectorSize)) {
+		goto out;
+	}
+	r = TRUE;
+
+out:
+	safe_free(pBuf);
+	return r;
 }

 /*
@ -741,6 +1098,10 @@ static BOOL RemountVolume(char drive_letter)
 */
 DWORD WINAPI FormatThread(LPVOID param)
 {
+	int r;
+	int fs = (int)ComboBox_GetItemData(hFileSystem, ComboBox_GetCurSel(hFileSystem));
+	int dt = (int)ComboBox_GetItemData(hDOSType, ComboBox_GetCurSel(hDOSType));
+	BOOL ret;
 	DWORD num = (DWORD)(uintptr_t)param;
 	HANDLE hPhysicalDrive = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
 	HANDLE hLogicalVolume = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
@ -749,7 +1110,6 @@ DWORD WINAPI FormatThread(LPVOID param)
 	char bb_msg[512];
 	char logfile[MAX_PATH], *userdir;
 	FILE* log_fd;
-	int r, fs, dt;

 	hPhysicalDrive = GetDriveHandle(num, NULL, TRUE, TRUE);
 	if (hPhysicalDrive == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
@ -839,6 +1199,7 @@ DWORD WINAPI FormatThread(LPVOID param)
 	// before repartitioning. Else, all kind of bad things happen
 	if (!ClearMBR(hPhysicalDrive)) {
 		uprintf("unable to zero MBR\n");
+		if (!FormatStatus)
 			FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|ERROR_WRITE_FAULT;
 		goto out;
 	} 
@ -853,7 +1214,11 @@ DWORD WINAPI FormatThread(LPVOID param)
 	// Add a small delay after partitioning to be safe
 	Sleep(200);

-	if (!FormatDrive(drive_name[0])) {
+	// If FAT32 is requested and we have a large drive (>32 GB) use 
+	// large FAT32 format, else use MS's FormatEx.
+	ret = ((fs == FS_FAT32) && (SelectedDrive.DiskSize > LARGE_FAT32_SIZE))?
+		FormatFAT32(num):FormatDrive(drive_name[0]);
+	if (!ret) {
 		// Error will be set by FormatDrive() in FormatStatus
 		uprintf("Format error: %s\n", StrError(FormatStatus));
 		goto out;
@ -867,8 +1232,6 @@ DWORD WINAPI FormatThread(LPVOID param)
 	}
 	UpdateProgress(OP_FIX_MBR, -1.0f);

-	fs = (int)ComboBox_GetItemData(hFileSystem, ComboBox_GetCurSel(hFileSystem));
-	dt = (int)ComboBox_GetItemData(hDOSType, ComboBox_GetCurSel(hDOSType));
 	if (IsChecked(IDC_DOS)) {
 		if ((dt == DT_WINME) || (dt == DT_FREEDOS) || ((dt == DT_ISO) && (fs == FS_NTFS))) {
 			// We still have a lock, which we need to modify the volume boot record 
--- a/src/format.h
+++ b/src/format.h
@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 /*
 * Rufus: The Reliable USB Formatting Utility
 * Formatting function calls
+ * Copyright (c) 2007-2009 Tom Thornhill/Ridgecrop
 * Copyright (c) 2011-2012 Pete Batard <pete@akeo.ie>
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
@ -103,3 +104,53 @@ typedef BOOLEAN (WINAPI* EnableVolumeCompression_t)(
 	WCHAR*          DriveRoot,
 	ULONG           CompressionFlags	// FILE_SYSTEM_PROP_FLAG
 );
+
+/* Large FAT32 */
+#pragma pack(push, 1)
+typedef struct tagFAT_BOOTSECTOR32
+{
+	// Common fields.
+	BYTE sJmpBoot[3];
+	BYTE sOEMName[8];
+	WORD wBytsPerSec;
+	BYTE bSecPerClus;
+	WORD wRsvdSecCnt;
+	BYTE bNumFATs;
+	WORD wRootEntCnt;
+	WORD wTotSec16;           // if zero, use dTotSec32 instead
+	BYTE bMedia;
+	WORD wFATSz16;
+	WORD wSecPerTrk;
+	WORD wNumHeads;
+	DWORD dHiddSec;
+	DWORD dTotSec32;
+	// Fat 32/16 only
+	DWORD dFATSz32;
+	WORD wExtFlags;
+	WORD wFSVer;
+	DWORD dRootClus;
+	WORD wFSInfo;
+	WORD wBkBootSec;
+	BYTE Reserved[12];
+	BYTE bDrvNum;
+	BYTE Reserved1;
+	BYTE bBootSig;           // == 0x29 if next three fields are ok
+	DWORD dBS_VolID;
+	BYTE sVolLab[11];
+	BYTE sBS_FilSysType[8];
+} FAT_BOOTSECTOR32;
+
+typedef struct {
+	DWORD dLeadSig;         // 0x41615252
+	BYTE sReserved1[480];   // zeros
+	DWORD dStrucSig;        // 0x61417272
+	DWORD dFree_Count;      // 0xFFFFFFFF
+	DWORD dNxt_Free;        // 0xFFFFFFFF
+	BYTE sReserved2[12];    // zeros
+	DWORD dTrailSig;        // 0xAA550000
+} FAT_FSINFO;
+#pragma pack(pop)
+
+#define die(msg, err) do { uprintf(msg); \
+	FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|err; \
+	goto out; } while(0)
--- a/src/license.h
+++ b/src/license.h
@ -42,6 +42,10 @@ const char* additional_copyrights =
 "http://e2fsprogs.sourceforge.net\r\n"
 "GNU General Public License (GPL) v3 compatible\r\n"
 "\r\n"
+"Large FAT32 volume formatting from fat32format by Tom Thornhill:\r\n"
+"http://www.ridgecrop.demon.co.uk/index.htm?fat32format.htm\r\n"
+"GNU General Public License (GPL) v2 or later\r\n"
+"\r\n"
 "fmifs.dll usage based on Formatx by Mark Russinovich:\r\n"
 "http://doc.sch130.nsc.ru/www.sysinternals.com/ntw2k/source/fmifs.shtml\r\n"
 "http://svn.reactos.org/svn/reactos/trunk/reactos/include/reactos/libs/fmifs\r\n"
--- a/src/rufus.c
+++ b/src/rufus.c
@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ static int64_t last_iso_blocking_status;
 */
 static int nb_slots[OP_MAX];
 static float slot_end[OP_MAX+1];	// shifted +1 so that we can substract 1 to OP indexes
-static float previous_end = 0.0f;
+static float previous_end;

 /*
 * Convert a partition type to its human readable form using
@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ static BOOL DefineClusterSizes(void)
 	}

 /*
- * The following is MS's allowed cluster sizes for FAT16 and FAT32:
+ * The following are MS's allowed cluster sizes for FAT16 and FAT32:
 *
 * FAT16
 * 31M  :  512 - 4096
@ -188,8 +188,9 @@ static BOOL DefineClusterSizes(void)
 * 4095M: 1024 - 32k
 * 7GB  : 2048 - 64k
 * 15GB : 4096 - 64k
- * 31GB : 8192 - 64k
- * 32GB+: possible but N/A from Microsoft (see below)
+ * 31GB : 8192 - 64k This is as far as Microsoft's FormatEx goes...
+ * 63GB :  16k - 64k ...but we can go higher using fat32format from RidgeCrop.
+ * 2TB+ : N/A
 */

 	// FAT 16
@ -206,10 +207,11 @@ static BOOL DefineClusterSizes(void)
 	}

 	// FAT 32
-	// > 32GB FAT32 is not supported by MS (and likely FormatEx) but is feasible
+	// > 32GB FAT32 is not supported by MS and FormatEx but is achieved using fat32fomat
 	// See: http://www.ridgecrop.demon.co.uk/index.htm?fat32format.htm
-	// < 32 MB FAT32 is not allowed by FormatEx
-	if ((SelectedDrive.DiskSize >= 32*MB) && (SelectedDrive.DiskSize < 32*GB)) {
+	// < 32 MB FAT32 is not allowed by FormatEx, so we don't bother
+
+	if ((SelectedDrive.DiskSize >= 32*MB) && (SelectedDrive.DiskSize < 2*TB)) {
 		SelectedDrive.ClusterSize[FS_FAT32].Allowed = 0x000001F8;
 		for (i=32; i<=(32*1024); i<<=1) {			// 32 MB -> 32 GB
 			if (SelectedDrive.DiskSize < i*MB) {
@ -221,7 +223,7 @@ static BOOL DefineClusterSizes(void)
 		SelectedDrive.ClusterSize[FS_FAT32].Allowed &= 0x0001FE00;

 		// Default cluster sizes in the 256MB to 32 GB range do not follow the rule above
-		if (SelectedDrive.DiskSize >= 256*MB) {
+		if ((SelectedDrive.DiskSize >= 256*MB) && (SelectedDrive.DiskSize < 32*GB)) {
 			for (i=8; i<=32; i<<=1) {				// 256 MB -> 32 GB
 				if (SelectedDrive.DiskSize < i*GB) {
 					SelectedDrive.ClusterSize[FS_FAT32].Default = ((ULONG)i/2)*1024;
@ -229,6 +231,11 @@ static BOOL DefineClusterSizes(void)
 				}
 			}
 		}
+		// More adjustments for large drives
+		if (SelectedDrive.DiskSize >= 32*GB) {
+			SelectedDrive.ClusterSize[FS_FAT32].Allowed &= 0x0001C000;
+			SelectedDrive.ClusterSize[FS_FAT32].Default = 0x00008000;
+		}
 	}

 	// NTFS
@ -484,12 +491,10 @@ static void SetFSFromISO(void)

 void SetMBRProps(void)
 {
-	int fs, dt;
+	int fs = (int)ComboBox_GetItemData(hFileSystem, ComboBox_GetCurSel(hFileSystem));
+	int dt = (int)ComboBox_GetItemData(hDOSType, ComboBox_GetCurSel(hDOSType));
 	BOOL needs_masquerading = (IS_WINPE(iso_report.winpe) && (!iso_report.uses_minint));

-	fs = (int)ComboBox_GetItemData(hFileSystem, ComboBox_GetCurSel(hFileSystem));
-	dt = (int)ComboBox_GetItemData(hDOSType, ComboBox_GetCurSel(hDOSType));
-
 	if ((!mbr_selected_by_user) && ((iso_path == NULL) || (dt != DT_ISO) || (fs != FS_NTFS))) {
 		CheckDlgButton(hMainDialog, IDC_RUFUS_MBR, BST_UNCHECKED);
 		IGNORE_RETVAL(ComboBox_SetCurSel(hDiskID, 0));
@ -812,6 +817,10 @@ static void InitProgress(void)
 	memset(&slot_end, 0, sizeof(slot_end));
 	previous_end = 0.0f;

+	memset(nb_slots, 0, sizeof(nb_slots));
+	memset(slot_end, 0, sizeof(slot_end));
+	previous_end = 0.0f;
+
 	nb_slots[OP_ZERO_MBR] = 1;
 	if (IsChecked(IDC_BADBLOCKS)) {
 		nb_slots[OP_BADBLOCKS] = -1;
@ -837,7 +846,8 @@ static void InitProgress(void)
 	nb_slots[OP_FIX_MBR] = 1;
 	nb_slots[OP_CREATE_FS] = 
 		nb_steps[ComboBox_GetItemData(hFileSystem, ComboBox_GetCurSel(hFileSystem))];
-	if (!IsChecked(IDC_QUICKFORMAT)) {
+	if ( (!IsChecked(IDC_QUICKFORMAT))
+	  || ((fs == FS_FAT32) && (SelectedDrive.DiskSize >= LARGE_FAT32_SIZE)) ) {
 		nb_slots[OP_FORMAT] = -1;
 	}
 	nb_slots[OP_FINALIZE] = ((dt == DT_ISO) && (fs == FS_NTFS))?2:1;
@ -1512,7 +1522,7 @@ static INT_PTR CALLBACK MainCallback(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPA
 	int nDeviceIndex, fs, i, nWidth, nHeight;
 	static DWORD DeviceNum = 0;
 	wchar_t wtmp[128], wstr[MAX_PATH];
-	static UINT uDOSChecked = BST_CHECKED;
+	static UINT uDOSChecked = BST_CHECKED, uQFChecked;
 	static BOOL first_log_display = TRUE;

 	switch (message) {
@ -1625,6 +1635,8 @@ static INT_PTR CALLBACK MainCallback(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPA
 			PrintStatus(0, TRUE, "%d device%s found.", ComboBox_GetCount(hDeviceList),
 				(ComboBox_GetCount(hDeviceList)!=1)?"s":"");
 			PopulateProperties(ComboBox_GetCurSel(hDeviceList));
+			SendMessage(hMainDialog, WM_COMMAND, (CBN_SELCHANGE<<16) | IDC_FILESYSTEM,
+				ComboBox_GetCurSel(hFileSystem));
 			break;
 		case IDC_NBPASSES:
 			if (HIWORD(wParam) != CBN_SELCHANGE)
@ -1649,6 +1661,19 @@ static INT_PTR CALLBACK MainCallback(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPA
 				break;
 			fs = (int)ComboBox_GetItemData(hFileSystem, ComboBox_GetCurSel(hFileSystem));
 			SetClusterSizes(fs);
+			// Disable/restore the quick format control depending on large FAT32
+			if ((fs == FS_FAT32) && (SelectedDrive.DiskSize > LARGE_FAT32_SIZE)) {
+				if (IsWindowEnabled(GetDlgItem(hMainDialog, IDC_QUICKFORMAT))) {
+					uQFChecked = IsDlgButtonChecked(hMainDialog, IDC_QUICKFORMAT);
+					CheckDlgButton(hMainDialog, IDC_QUICKFORMAT, BST_CHECKED);
+					EnableWindow(GetDlgItem(hMainDialog, IDC_QUICKFORMAT), FALSE);
+				}
+			} else {
+				if (!IsWindowEnabled(GetDlgItem(hMainDialog, IDC_QUICKFORMAT))) {
+					CheckDlgButton(hMainDialog, IDC_QUICKFORMAT, uQFChecked);
+					EnableWindow(GetDlgItem(hMainDialog, IDC_QUICKFORMAT), TRUE);
+				}
+			}
 			if (fs < 0) {
 				EnableBootOptions(TRUE);
 				SetMBRProps();
--- a/src/rufus.h
+++ b/src/rufus.h
@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
 #define MAX_LOG_SIZE                0x7FFFFFFE
 #define PROPOSEDLABEL_TOLERANCE     0.10
 #define FS_DEFAULT                  FS_FAT32
+#define LARGE_FAT32_SIZE            (32*1073741824LL)	// Size at which we need to use fat32format
 #define WHITE                       RGB(255,255,255)
 #define SEPARATOR_GREY              RGB(223,223,223)
 #define RUFUS_URL                   "http://rufus.akeo.ie"
--- a/src/rufus.rc
+++ b/src/rufus.rc
@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ LANGUAGE LANG_ENGLISH, SUBLANG_NEUTRAL
 IDD_DIALOG DIALOGEX 12, 12, 206, 316
 STYLE DS_SETFONT | DS_MODALFRAME | DS_FIXEDSYS | DS_CENTER | WS_POPUP | WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU
 EXSTYLE WS_EX_APPWINDOW
-CAPTION "Rufus v1.2.0.185"
+CAPTION "Rufus v1.2.0.186"
 FONT 8, "MS Shell Dlg", 400, 0, 0x1
 BEGIN
    DEFPUSHBUTTON   "Start",IDC_START,94,278,50,14
@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ BEGIN
    DEFPUSHBUTTON   "OK",IDOK,231,175,50,14,WS_GROUP
    CONTROL         "<a href=""http://rufus.akeo.ie"">http://rufus.akeo.ie</a>",IDC_ABOUT_RUFUS_URL,
                    "SysLink",WS_TABSTOP,46,47,114,9
-    LTEXT           "Version 1.2.0 (Build 185)",IDC_STATIC,46,19,78,8
+    LTEXT           "Version 1.2.0 (Build 186)",IDC_STATIC,46,19,78,8
    PUSHBUTTON      "License...",IDC_ABOUT_LICENSE,46,175,50,14,WS_GROUP
    EDITTEXT        IDC_ABOUT_COPYRIGHTS,46,107,235,63,ES_MULTILINE | ES_READONLY | WS_VSCROLL
    LTEXT           "Report bugs or request enhancements at:",IDC_STATIC,46,66,187,8
@ -237,8 +237,8 @@ END
 //

 VS_VERSION_INFO VERSIONINFO
- FILEVERSION 1,2,0,185
- PRODUCTVERSION 1,2,0,185
+ FILEVERSION 1,2,0,186
+ PRODUCTVERSION 1,2,0,186
 FILEFLAGSMASK 0x3fL
 #ifdef _DEBUG
 FILEFLAGS 0x1L
@ -255,13 +255,13 @@ BEGIN
        BEGIN
            VALUE "CompanyName", "akeo.ie"
            VALUE "FileDescription", "Rufus"
-            VALUE "FileVersion", "1.2.0.185"
+            VALUE "FileVersion", "1.2.0.186"
            VALUE "InternalName", "Rufus"
            VALUE "LegalCopyright", "© 2011 Pete Batard (GPL v3)"
            VALUE "LegalTrademarks", "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html"
            VALUE "OriginalFilename", "rufus.exe"
            VALUE "ProductName", "Rufus"
-            VALUE "ProductVersion", "1.2.0.185"
+            VALUE "ProductVersion", "1.2.0.186"
        END
    END
    BLOCK "VarFileInfo"