# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ requests.adapters ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ This module contains the transport adapters that Requests uses to define and maintain connections. """ import socket from .models import Response from .packages.urllib3.poolmanager import PoolManager, ProxyManager from .packages.urllib3.response import HTTPResponse from .compat import urlparse, basestring, urldefrag, unquote from .utils import (DEFAULT_CA_BUNDLE_PATH, get_encoding_from_headers, prepend_scheme_if_needed, get_auth_from_url) from .structures import CaseInsensitiveDict from .packages.urllib3.exceptions import MaxRetryError from .packages.urllib3.exceptions import TimeoutError from .packages.urllib3.exceptions import SSLError as _SSLError from .packages.urllib3.exceptions import HTTPError as _HTTPError from .cookies import extract_cookies_to_jar from .exceptions import ConnectionError, Timeout, SSLError from .auth import _basic_auth_str DEFAULT_POOLBLOCK = False DEFAULT_POOLSIZE = 10 DEFAULT_RETRIES = 0 class BaseAdapter(object): """The Base Transport Adapter""" def __init__(self): super(BaseAdapter, self).__init__() def send(self): raise NotImplementedError def close(self): raise NotImplementedError class HTTPAdapter(BaseAdapter): """The built-in HTTP Adapter for urllib3. Provides a general-case interface for Requests sessions to contact HTTP and HTTPS urls by implementing the Transport Adapter interface. This class will usually be created by the :class:`Session ` class under the covers. :param pool_connections: The number of urllib3 connection pools to cache. :param pool_maxsize: The maximum number of connections to save in the pool. :param max_retries: The maximum number of retries each connection should attempt. :param pool_block: Whether the connection pool should block for connections. Usage:: >>> import requests >>> s = requests.Session() >>> a = requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter() >>> s.mount('http://', a) """ __attrs__ = ['max_retries', 'config', '_pool_connections', '_pool_maxsize', '_pool_block'] def __init__(self, pool_connections=DEFAULT_POOLSIZE, pool_maxsize=DEFAULT_POOLSIZE, max_retries=DEFAULT_RETRIES, pool_block=DEFAULT_POOLBLOCK): self.max_retries = max_retries self.config = {} super(HTTPAdapter, self).__init__() self._pool_connections = pool_connections self._pool_maxsize = pool_maxsize self._pool_block = pool_block self.init_poolmanager(pool_connections, pool_maxsize, block=pool_block) def __getstate__(self): return dict((attr, getattr(self, attr, None)) for attr in self.__attrs__) def __setstate__(self, state): for attr, value in state.items(): setattr(self, attr, value) self.init_poolmanager(self._pool_connections, self._pool_maxsize, block=self._pool_block) def init_poolmanager(self, connections, maxsize, block=DEFAULT_POOLBLOCK): """Initializes a urllib3 PoolManager. This method should not be called from user code, and is only exposed for use when subclassing the :class:`HTTPAdapter `. :param connections: The number of urllib3 connection pools to cache. :param maxsize: The maximum number of connections to save in the pool. :param block: Block when no free connections are available. """ # save these values for pickling self._pool_connections = connections self._pool_maxsize = maxsize self._pool_block = block self.poolmanager = PoolManager(num_pools=connections, maxsize=maxsize, block=block) def cert_verify(self, conn, url, verify, cert): """Verify a SSL certificate. This method should not be called from user code, and is only exposed for use when subclassing the :class:`HTTPAdapter `. :param conn: The urllib3 connection object associated with the cert. :param url: The requested URL. :param verify: Whether we should actually verify the certificate. :param cert: The SSL certificate to verify. """ if url.startswith('https') and verify: cert_loc = None # Allow self-specified cert location. if verify is not True: cert_loc = verify if not cert_loc: cert_loc = DEFAULT_CA_BUNDLE_PATH if not cert_loc: raise Exception("Could not find a suitable SSL CA certificate bundle.") conn.cert_reqs = 'CERT_REQUIRED' conn.ca_certs = cert_loc else: conn.cert_reqs = 'CERT_NONE' conn.ca_certs = None if cert: if not isinstance(cert, basestring): conn.cert_file = cert[0] conn.key_file = cert[1] else: conn.cert_file = cert def build_response(self, req, resp): """Builds a :class:`Response ` object from a urllib3 response. This should not be called from user code, and is only exposed for use when subclassing the :class:`HTTPAdapter ` :param req: The :class:`PreparedRequest ` used to generate the response. :param resp: The urllib3 response object. """ response = Response() # Fallback to None if there's no status_code, for whatever reason. response.status_code = getattr(resp, 'status', None) # Make headers case-insensitive. response.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict(getattr(resp, 'headers', {})) # Set encoding. response.encoding = get_encoding_from_headers(response.headers) response.raw = resp response.reason = response.raw.reason if isinstance(req.url, bytes): response.url = req.url.decode('utf-8') else: response.url = req.url # Add new cookies from the server. extract_cookies_to_jar(response.cookies, req, resp) # Give the Response some context. response.request = req response.connection = self return response def get_connection(self, url, proxies=None): """Returns a urllib3 connection for the given URL. This should not be called from user code, and is only exposed for use when subclassing the :class:`HTTPAdapter `. :param url: The URL to connect to. :param proxies: (optional) A Requests-style dictionary of proxies used on this request. """ proxies = proxies or {} proxy = proxies.get(urlparse(url).scheme) if proxy: proxy = prepend_scheme_if_needed(proxy, urlparse(url).scheme) conn = ProxyManager(self.poolmanager.connection_from_url(proxy)) else: conn = self.poolmanager.connection_from_url(url) return conn def close(self): """Disposes of any internal state. Currently, this just closes the PoolManager, which closes pooled connections. """ self.poolmanager.clear() def request_url(self, request, proxies): """Obtain the url to use when making the final request. If the message is being sent through a proxy, the full URL has to be used. Otherwise, we should only use the path portion of the URL. This shoudl not be called from user code, and is only exposed for use when subclassing the :class:`HTTPAdapter `. :param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest ` being sent. :param proxies: A dictionary of schemes to proxy URLs. """ proxies = proxies or {} proxy = proxies.get(urlparse(request.url).scheme) if proxy: url, _ = urldefrag(request.url) else: url = request.path_url return url def add_headers(self, request, **kwargs): """Add any headers needed by the connection. Currently this adds a Proxy-Authorization header. This should not be called from user code, and is only exposed for use when subclassing the :class:`HTTPAdapter `. :param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest ` to add headers to. :param kwargs: The keyword arguments from the call to send(). """ proxies = kwargs.get('proxies', {}) if proxies is None: proxies = {} proxy = proxies.get(urlparse(request.url).scheme) username, password = get_auth_from_url(proxy) if username and password: # Proxy auth usernames and passwords will be urlencoded, we need # to decode them. username = unquote(username) password = unquote(password) request.headers['Proxy-Authorization'] = _basic_auth_str(username, password) def send(self, request, stream=False, timeout=None, verify=True, cert=None, proxies=None): """Sends PreparedRequest object. Returns Response object. :param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest ` being sent. :param stream: (optional) Whether to stream the request content. :param timeout: (optional) The timeout on the request. :param verify: (optional) Whether to verify SSL certificates. :param vert: (optional) Any user-provided SSL certificate to be trusted. :param proxies: (optional) The proxies dictionary to apply to the request. """ conn = self.get_connection(request.url, proxies) self.cert_verify(conn, request.url, verify, cert) url = self.request_url(request, proxies) self.add_headers(request, proxies=proxies) chunked = not (request.body is None or 'Content-Length' in request.headers) try: if not chunked: resp = conn.urlopen( method=request.method, url=url, body=request.body, headers=request.headers, redirect=False, assert_same_host=False, preload_content=False, decode_content=False, retries=self.max_retries, timeout=timeout ) # Send the request. else: if hasattr(conn, 'proxy_pool'): conn = conn.proxy_pool low_conn = conn._get_conn(timeout=timeout) low_conn.putrequest(request.method, url, skip_accept_encoding=True) for header, value in request.headers.items(): low_conn.putheader(header, value) low_conn.endheaders() for i in request.body: low_conn.send(hex(len(i))[2:].encode('utf-8')) low_conn.send(b'\r\n') low_conn.send(i) low_conn.send(b'\r\n') low_conn.send(b'0\r\n\r\n') r = low_conn.getresponse() resp = HTTPResponse.from_httplib(r, pool=conn, connection=low_conn, preload_content=False, decode_content=False ) except socket.error as sockerr: raise ConnectionError(sockerr) except MaxRetryError as e: raise ConnectionError(e) except (_SSLError, _HTTPError) as e: if isinstance(e, _SSLError): raise SSLError(e) elif isinstance(e, TimeoutError): raise Timeout(e) else: raise r = self.build_response(request, resp) if not stream: r.content return r