diff --git a/spec/matchers/reference_matcher_spec.cr b/spec/matchers/reference_matcher_spec.cr
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b029090
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/matchers/reference_matcher_spec.cr
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+require "../spec_helper"
+
+describe Spectator::Matchers::ReferenceMatcher do
+  describe "#match" do
+    context "returned MatchData" do
+      describe "#matched?" do
+        context "with the same instance" do
+          it "is true" do
+            # Box is used because it is a reference type and doesn't override the == method.
+            ref = Box.new([] of Int32)
+            partial = new_partial(ref)
+            matcher = Spectator::Matchers::ReferenceMatcher.new(ref)
+            match_data = matcher.match(partial)
+            match_data.matched?.should be_true
+          end
+        end
+
+        context "with different instances" do
+          context "with same contents" do
+            it "is false" do
+              array1 = [1, 2, 3]
+              array2 = [1, 2, 3]
+              partial = new_partial(array1)
+              matcher = Spectator::Matchers::ReferenceMatcher.new(array2)
+              match_data = matcher.match(partial)
+              match_data.matched?.should be_false
+            end
+          end
+
+          context "with a duplicated instance" do
+            it "is false" do
+              array1 = [1, 2, 3]
+              array2 = array1.dup
+              partial = new_partial(array1)
+              matcher = Spectator::Matchers::ReferenceMatcher.new(array2)
+              match_data = matcher.match(partial)
+              match_data.matched?.should be_false
+            end
+          end
+
+          context "with the same type" do
+            it "is false" do
+              obj1 = "foo"
+              obj2 = "bar"
+              partial = new_partial(obj1)
+              matcher = Spectator::Matchers::ReferenceMatcher.new(obj2)
+              match_data = matcher.match(partial)
+              match_data.matched?.should be_false
+            end
+          end
+
+          context "with a different type" do
+            it "is false" do
+              obj1 = "foobar"
+              obj2 = [1, 2, 3]
+              partial = new_partial(obj1)
+              matcher = Spectator::Matchers::ReferenceMatcher.new(obj2)
+              match_data = matcher.match(partial)
+              match_data.matched?.should be_false
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      describe "#values" do
+        context "expected" do
+          it "is the expected value" do
+            actual = "foobar"
+            expected = /foo/
+            partial = new_partial(actual)
+            matcher = Spectator::Matchers::ReferenceMatcher.new(expected)
+            match_data = matcher.match(partial)
+            match_data_value_sans_prefix(match_data.values, :expected)[:value].should eq(expected)
+          end
+        end
+
+        context "actual" do
+          it "is the actual value" do
+            actual = "foobar"
+            expected = /foo/
+            partial = new_partial(actual)
+            matcher = Spectator::Matchers::ReferenceMatcher.new(expected)
+            match_data = matcher.match(partial)
+            match_data_value_sans_prefix(match_data.values, :actual)[:value].should eq(actual)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      describe "#message" do
+        it "contains the actual label" do
+          value = "foobar"
+          label = "everything"
+          partial = new_partial(value, label)
+          matcher = Spectator::Matchers::ReferenceMatcher.new(value)
+          match_data = matcher.match(partial)
+          match_data.message.should contain(label)
+        end
+
+        it "contains the expected label" do
+          value = "foobar"
+          label = "everything"
+          partial = new_partial(value)
+          matcher = Spectator::Matchers::ReferenceMatcher.new(value, label)
+          match_data = matcher.match(partial)
+          match_data.message.should contain(label)
+        end
+
+        context "when expected label is omitted" do
+          it "contains stringified form of expected value" do
+            obj1 = "foo"
+            obj2 = "bar"
+            partial = new_partial(obj1)
+            matcher = Spectator::Matchers::ReferenceMatcher.new(obj2)
+            match_data = matcher.match(partial)
+            match_data.message.should contain(obj2.to_s)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      describe "#negated_message" do
+        it "contains the actual label" do
+          value = "foobar"
+          label = "everything"
+          partial = new_partial(value, label)
+          matcher = Spectator::Matchers::ReferenceMatcher.new(value)
+          match_data = matcher.match(partial)
+          match_data.negated_message.should contain(label)
+        end
+
+        it "contains the expected label" do
+          value = "foobar"
+          label = "everything"
+          partial = new_partial(value)
+          matcher = Spectator::Matchers::ReferenceMatcher.new(value, label)
+          match_data = matcher.match(partial)
+          match_data.negated_message.should contain(label)
+        end
+
+        context "when expected label is omitted" do
+          it "contains stringified form of expected value" do
+            obj1 = "foo"
+            obj2 = "bar"
+            partial = new_partial(obj1)
+            matcher = Spectator::Matchers::ReferenceMatcher.new(obj2)
+            match_data = matcher.match(partial)
+            match_data.negated_message.should contain(obj2.to_s)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/spectator/matchers/reference_matcher.cr b/src/spectator/matchers/reference_matcher.cr
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1463a2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spectator/matchers/reference_matcher.cr
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+require "./value_matcher"
+
+module Spectator::Matchers
+  # Matcher that tests whether two references are the same.
+  # The values are compared with the `Reference#same?` method.
+  struct ReferenceMatcher(ExpectedType) < ValueMatcher(ExpectedType)
+    # Determines whether the matcher is satisfied with the value given to it.
+    private def match?(actual)
+      actual.same?(expected)
+    end
+
+    # Determines whether the matcher is satisfied with the partial given to it.
+    # `MatchData` is returned that contains information about the match.
+    def match(partial)
+      values = ExpectedActual.new(partial, self)
+      MatchData.new(match?(values.actual), values)
+    end
+
+    # Match data specific to this matcher.
+    private struct MatchData(ExpectedType, ActualType) < MatchData
+      # Creates the match data.
+      def initialize(matched, @values : ExpectedActual(ExpectedType, ActualType))
+        super(matched)
+      end
+
+      # Information about the match.
+      def named_tuple
+        {
+          expected: NegatableMatchDataValue.new(@values.expected),
+          actual:   @values.actual,
+        }
+      end
+
+      # Describes the condition that satisfies the matcher.
+      # This is informational and displayed to the end-user.
+      def message
+        "#{@values.actual_label} is #{@values.expected_label}"
+      end
+
+      # Describes the condition that won't satsify the matcher.
+      # This is informational and displayed to the end-user.
+      def negated_message
+        "#{@values.actual_label} is not #{@values.expected_label}"
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end