Types supported to interface with database driver.
"},{"id":"VERSION","name":"VERSION","value":"\"0.6.0\"","doc":null,"summary":null}],"included_modules":[],"extended_modules":[],"subclasses":[],"including_types":[],"namespace":null,"doc":"The DB module is a unified interface for database access.\nIndividual database systems are supported by specific database driver shards.\n\nAvailable drivers include:\n* [crystal-lang/crystal-sqlite3](https://github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-sqlite3) for SQLite\n* [crystal-lang/crystal-mysql](https://github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-mysql) for MySQL and MariaDB\n* [will/crystal-pg](https://github.com/will/crystal-pg) for PostgreSQL\n* [kaukas/crystal-cassandra](https://github.com/kaukas/crystal-cassandra) for Cassandra\n\nFor basic instructions on implementing a new database driver, check `Driver` and the existing drivers.\n\nDB manages a connection pool. The connection pool can be configured by query parameters to the\nconnection `URI` as described in `Database`.\n\n### Usage\n\nAssuming `crystal-sqlite3` is included a SQLite3 database can be opened with `#open`.\n\n```\ndb = DB.open \"sqlite3:./path/to/db/file.db\"\ndb.close\n```\n\nIf a block is given to `#open` the database is closed automatically\n\n```\nDB.open \"sqlite3:./file.db\" do |db|\n # work with db\nend # db is closed\n```\n\nIn the code above `db` is a `Database`. Methods available for querying it are described in `QueryMethods`.\n\nThree kind of statements can be performed:\n1. `Database#exec` waits no response from the database.\n2. `Database#scalar` reads a single value of the response.\n3. `Database#query` returns a ResultSet that allows iteration over the rows in the response and column information.\n\nAll of the above methods allows parametrised query. Either positional or named arguments.\n\nCheck a full working version:\n\nThe following example uses SQLite where `?` indicates the arguments. If PostgreSQL is used `$1`, `$2`, etc. should be used. `crystal-db` does not interpret the statements.\n\n```\nrequire \"db\"\nrequire \"sqlite3\"\n\nDB.open \"sqlite3:./file.db\" do |db|\n # When using the pg driver, use $1, $2, etc. instead of ?\n db.exec \"create table contacts (name text, age integer)\"\n db.exec \"insert into contacts values (?, ?)\", \"John Doe\", 30\n\n args = [] of DB::Any\n args << \"Sarah\"\n args << 33\n db.exec \"insert into contacts values (?, ?)\", args\n\n puts \"max age:\"\n puts db.scalar \"select max(age) from contacts\" # => 33\n\n puts \"contacts:\"\n db.query \"select name, age from contacts order by age desc\" do |rs|\n puts \"#{rs.column_name(0)} (#{rs.column_name(1)})\"\n # => name (age)\n rs.each do\n puts \"#{rs.read(String)} (#{rs.read(Int32)})\"\n # => Sarah (33)\n # => John Doe (30)\n end\n end\nend\n```\n","summary":"The DB module is a unified interface for database access.
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","abstract":false,"args":[{"name":"uri","doc":null,"default_value":"","external_name":"uri","restriction":"URI | String"}],"args_string":"(uri : URI | String)","source_link":"https://github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/blob/dcd0af5ce81b5a43305e02846106633373f65004/src/db.cr#L133","def":{"name":"connect","args":[{"name":"uri","doc":null,"default_value":"","external_name":"uri","restriction":"URI | String"}],"double_splat":null,"splat_index":null,"yields":null,"block_arg":null,"return_type":"","visibility":"Public","body":"build_connection(uri)"}},{"id":"connect(uri:URI|String,&block)-class-method","html_id":"connect(uri:URI|String,&block)-class-method","name":"connect","doc":"Opens a connection using the specified *uri*.\nThe scheme of the *uri* determines the driver to use.\nReturned connection must be closed by `Connection#close`.\nIf a block is used the connection is yielded and closed automatically.","summary":"Opens a connection using the specified uri.
","abstract":false,"args":[{"name":"uri","doc":null,"default_value":"","external_name":"uri","restriction":"URI | String"}],"args_string":"(uri : URI | String, &block)","source_link":"https://github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/blob/dcd0af5ce81b5a43305e02846106633373f65004/src/db.cr#L138","def":{"name":"connect","args":[{"name":"uri","doc":null,"default_value":"","external_name":"uri","restriction":"URI | String"}],"double_splat":null,"splat_index":null,"yields":1,"block_arg":null,"return_type":"","visibility":"Public","body":"cnn = build_connection(uri)\nbegin\n yield cnn\nensure\n cnn.close\nend\n"}},{"id":"open(uri:URI|String)-class-method","html_id":"open(uri:URI|String)-class-method","name":"open","doc":"Creates a `Database` pool and opens initial connection(s) as specified in the connection *uri*.\nUse `DB#connect` to open a single connection.\n\nThe scheme of the *uri* determines the driver to use.\nConnection parameters such as hostname, user, database name, etc. are specified according\nto each database driver's specific format.\n\nThe returned database must be closed by `Database#close`.","summary":"Creates a Database pool and opens initial connection(s) as specified in the connection uri.
Same as #open but the database is yielded and closed automatically at the end of the block.
Registers a driver class for a given driver_name.
","abstract":false,"args":[{"name":"driver_name","doc":null,"default_value":"","external_name":"driver_name","restriction":""},{"name":"driver_class","doc":null,"default_value":"","external_name":"driver_class","restriction":"Driver.class"}],"args_string":"(driver_name, driver_class : Driver.class)","source_link":"https://github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/blob/dcd0af5ce81b5a43305e02846106633373f65004/src/db.cr#L99","def":{"name":"register_driver","args":[{"name":"driver_name","doc":null,"default_value":"","external_name":"driver_name","restriction":""},{"name":"driver_class","doc":null,"default_value":"","external_name":"driver_class","restriction":"Driver.class"}],"double_splat":null,"splat_index":null,"yields":null,"block_arg":null,"return_type":"","visibility":"Public","body":"drivers[driver_name] = driver_class"}}],"constructors":[],"instance_methods":[],"macros":[{"id":"mapping(properties,strict=true)-macro","html_id":"mapping(properties,strict=true)-macro","name":"mapping","doc":"The `DB.mapping` macro defines how an object is built from a `ResultSet`.\n\nIt takes hash literal as argument, in which attributes and types are defined.\nOnce defined, `ResultSet#read(t)` populates properties of the class from the\n`ResultSet`.\n\n```crystal\nrequire \"db\"\n\nclass Employee\n DB.mapping({\n title: String,\n name: String,\n })\nend\n\nemployees = Employee.from_rs(db.query(\"SELECT title, name FROM employees\"))\nemployees[0].title # => \"Manager\"\nemployees[0].name # => \"John\"\n```\n\nAttributes not mapped with `DB.mapping` are not defined as properties.\nAlso, missing attributes raise a `DB::MappingException`.\n\nYou can also define attributes for each property.\n\n```crystal\nclass Employee\n DB.mapping({\n title: String,\n name: {\n type: String,\n nilable: true,\n key: \"firstname\",\n },\n })\nend\n```\n\nAvailable attributes:\n\n* *type* (required) defines its type. In the example above, *title: String* is a shortcut to *title: {type: String}*.\n* *nilable* defines if a property can be a `Nil`.\n* **default**: value to use if the property is missing in the result set, or if it's `null` and `nilable` was not set to `true`. If the default value creates a new instance of an object (for example `[1, 2, 3]` or `SomeObject.new`), a different instance will be used each time a row is parsed.\n* *key* defines which column to read from a `ResultSet`. It defaults to the name of the property.\n* *converter* takes an alternate type for parsing. It requires a `#from_rs` method in that class, and returns an instance of the given type.\n\nThe mapping also automatically defines Crystal properties (getters and setters) for each\nof the keys. It doesn't define a constructor accepting those arguments, but you can provide\nan overload.\n\nThe macro basically defines a constructor accepting a `ResultSet` that reads from\nit and initializes this type's instance variables.\n\nThis macro also declares instance variables of the types given in the mapping.","summary":"The DB.mapping macro defines how an object is built from a ResultSet.
Creates a transaction from the current context.
","abstract":true,"args":[],"args_string":" : Transaction","source_link":"https://github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/blob/dcd0af5ce81b5a43305e02846106633373f65004/src/db/begin_transaction.cr#L6","def":{"name":"begin_transaction","args":[],"double_splat":null,"splat_index":null,"yields":null,"block_arg":null,"return_type":"Transaction","visibility":"Public","body":""}},{"id":"transaction(&block)-instance-method","html_id":"transaction(&block)-instance-method","name":"transaction","doc":"yields a transaction from the current context.\nQuery the database through `Transaction#connection` object.\nIf an exception is thrown within the block a rollback is performed.\nThe exception thrown is bubbled unless it is a `DB::Rollback`.\nFrom the yielded object `Transaction#commit` or `Transaction#rollback`\ncan be called explicitly.","summary":"yields a transaction from the current context.
","abstract":false,"args":[],"args_string":"(&block)","source_link":"https://github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/blob/dcd0af5ce81b5a43305e02846106633373f65004/src/db/begin_transaction.cr#L14","def":{"name":"transaction","args":[],"double_splat":null,"splat_index":null,"yields":1,"block_arg":null,"return_type":"","visibility":"Public","body":"tx = begin_transaction\nbegin\n yield tx\nrescue DB::Rollback\n if tx.closed?\n else\n tx.rollback\n end\nrescue e\n if tx.closed?\n else\n begin\n tx.rollback\n rescue\n nil\n end\n end\n raise(e)\nelse\n if tx.closed?\n else\n tx.commit\n end\nend\n"}}],"macros":[],"types":[]},{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/DB/Connection","path":"DB/Connection.html","kind":"class","full_name":"DB::Connection","name":"Connection","abstract":true,"superclass":{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/Reference","kind":"class","full_name":"Reference","name":"Reference"},"ancestors":[{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/DB/BeginTransaction","kind":"module","full_name":"DB::BeginTransaction","name":"BeginTransaction"},{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/DB/SessionMethods","kind":"module","full_name":"DB::SessionMethods","name":"SessionMethods"},{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/DB/QueryMethods","kind":"module","full_name":"DB::QueryMethods","name":"QueryMethods"},{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/DB/Disposable","kind":"module","full_name":"DB::Disposable","name":"Disposable"},{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/Reference","kind":"class","full_name":"Reference","name":"Reference"},{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/Object","kind":"class","full_name":"Object","name":"Object"}],"locations":[{"filename":"db/connection.cr","line_number":21,"url":"https://github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/blob/dcd0af5ce81b5a43305e02846106633373f65004/src/db/connection.cr"}],"repository_name":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db","program":false,"enum":false,"alias":false,"aliased":"","const":false,"constants":[],"included_modules":[{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/DB/BeginTransaction","kind":"module","full_name":"DB::BeginTransaction","name":"BeginTransaction"},{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/DB/Disposable","kind":"module","full_name":"DB::Disposable","name":"Disposable"},{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/DB/SessionMethods","kind":"module","full_name":"DB::SessionMethods","name":"SessionMethods"}],"extended_modules":[],"subclasses":[],"including_types":[],"namespace":{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/DB","kind":"module","full_name":"DB","name":"DB"},"doc":"Database driver implementors must subclass `Connection`.\n\nRepresents one active connection to a database.\n\nUsers should never instantiate a `Connection` manually. Use `DB#open` or `Database#connection`.\n\nRefer to `QueryMethods` for documentation about querying the database through this connection.\n\n### Note to implementors\n\nThe connection must be initialized in `#initialize` and closed in `#do_close`.\n\nOverride `#build_prepared_statement` method in order to return a prepared `Statement` to allow querying.\nOverride `#build_unprepared_statement` method in order to return a unprepared `Statement` to allow querying.\nSee also `Statement` to define how the statements are executed.\n\nIf at any give moment the connection is lost a DB::ConnectionLost should be raised. This will\nallow the connection pool to try to reconnect or use another connection if available.\n","summary":"Database driver implementors must subclass Connection.
return this connection to the pool managed by the database.
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","abstract":true,"args":[],"args_string":" : Bool","source_link":"https://github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/blob/dcd0af5ce81b5a43305e02846106633373f65004/src/db/connection_context.cr#L7","def":{"name":"prepared_statements?","args":[],"double_splat":null,"splat_index":null,"yields":null,"block_arg":null,"return_type":"Bool","visibility":"Public","body":""}},{"id":"release(connection:Connection)-instance-method","html_id":"release(connection:Connection)-instance-method","name":"release","doc":"Indicates that the *connection* is no longer needed\nand can be reused in the future.","summary":"Indicates that the connection is no longer needed and can be reused in the future.
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","abstract":true,"args":[],"args_string":" : URI","source_link":"https://github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/blob/dcd0af5ce81b5a43305e02846106633373f65004/src/db/connection_context.cr#L4","def":{"name":"uri","args":[],"double_splat":null,"splat_index":null,"yields":null,"block_arg":null,"return_type":"URI","visibility":"Public","body":""}}],"macros":[],"types":[]},{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/DB/ConnectionLost","path":"DB/ConnectionLost.html","kind":"class","full_name":"DB::ConnectionLost","name":"ConnectionLost","abstract":false,"superclass":{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/DB/Error","kind":"class","full_name":"DB::Error","name":"Error"},"ancestors":[{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/DB/Error","kind":"class","full_name":"DB::Error","name":"Error"},{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/Exception","kind":"class","full_name":"Exception","name":"Exception"},{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/Reference","kind":"class","full_name":"Reference","name":"Reference"},{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/Object","kind":"class","full_name":"Object","name":"Object"}],"locations":[{"filename":"db/error.cr","line_number":17,"url":"https://github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/blob/dcd0af5ce81b5a43305e02846106633373f65004/src/db/error.cr"}],"repository_name":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db","program":false,"enum":false,"alias":false,"aliased":"","const":false,"constants":[],"included_modules":[],"extended_modules":[],"subclasses":[],"including_types":[],"namespace":{"html_id":"github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/DB","kind":"module","full_name":"DB","name":"DB"},"doc":"Raised when an established connection is lost\nprobably due to socket/network issues.\nIt is used by the connection pool retry logic.","summary":"Raised when an established connection is lost probably due to socket/network issues.
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db.exec(sql_create_table_table2(c1 = col1(sql_type_for(String)), c2 = col2(sql_type)))\n db.exec(sql_insert_table2(c1, param(1), c2, param(2)), value_for(String), value)\n (db.query_one(sql_select_table2(c2), as: ::Union(typeof(value) | Nil))).should(eq(value))\nend\nit(\"insert/get value nil from table as nillable #{sql_type} with binding\") do |db|\n db.exec(sql_create_table_table2(c1 = col1(sql_type_for(String)), c2 = col2(sql_type, null: true)))\n db.exec(sql_insert_table2(c1, param(1), c2, param(2)), value_for(String), nil)\n (db.query_one(sql_select_table2(c2), as: ::Union(typeof(value) | Nil))).should(eq(nil))\nend\nit(\"can use read(#{typeof(value)}) with DB::ResultSet\", prepared: :both) do |db|\n db.exec(sql_create_table_table1(c1 = col1(sql_type)))\n db.exec(sql_insert_table1(c1, value_encoded))\n db.query(sql_select_table1(c1)) do |rs|\n assert_single_read(rs.as(DB::ResultSet), typeof(value), value)\n end\nend\nit(\"can use read(#{typeof(value)}?) with DB::ResultSet\", 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Empty module used for marking a class as supporting DB:Mapping
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T)"},"return_type":"","visibility":"Public","body":"_ = Pool(T).allocate\n_.initialize(initial_pool_size, max_pool_size, max_idle_pool_size, checkout_timeout, retry_attempts, retry_delay, &factory) do\n yield\nend\nif _.responds_to?(:finalize)\n ::GC.add_finalizer(_)\nend\n_\n"}}],"instance_methods":[{"id":"checkout:T-instance-method","html_id":"checkout:T-instance-method","name":"checkout","doc":null,"summary":null,"abstract":false,"args":[],"args_string":" : T","source_link":"https://github.com/crystal-lang/crystal-db/blob/dcd0af5ce81b5a43305e02846106633373f65004/src/db/pool.cr#L31","def":{"name":"checkout","args":[],"double_splat":null,"splat_index":null,"yields":null,"block_arg":null,"return_type":"T","visibility":"Public","body":"resource = if @available.empty?\n if can_increase_pool\n build_resource\n else\n wait_for_available\n pick_available\n end\nelse\n 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