mirror of
https://codeberg.org/h3xx/simplify_static_dir
synced 2024-08-14 23:57:24 +00:00
607 lines
16 KiB
Perl
Executable file
607 lines
16 KiB
Perl
Executable file
#!/usr/bin/perl
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# vi: et sts=4 sw=4 ts=4
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package main;
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use strict;
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use warnings;
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use List::Util qw/ sum /;
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our $VERSION = '3.1.0';
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=pod
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=head1 NAME
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simplify_static_dir - optimize directories for size by combining identical
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files
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=head1 SYNOPSIS
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B<simplify_static_dir> [I<OPTIONS>] [I<DIR>]...
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=head1 DESCRIPTION
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The more files this script can process at once, the better. It maintains an
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internal hash of files indexed by their SHA1 checksum. When it finds a
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collision it removes the file with the least amount of file system links, then
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creates a hard link to the other in its place. The larger the number of files
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scanned, the more likely it is that there will be collisions.
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There are failsafes in place, though. If somehow two files' SHA1 checksums are
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identical, but the file sizes do not match, this program will error out (and
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you can go ahead and report the collision; it may be worth money).
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There are other features built in as well. Following the logic that unique
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data, once created has the attribute of being unique of that point in time,
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this script will copy the timestamp of the older file onto the newer file just
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before it makes the hard link. Therefore, many times, simplified directories
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will have the appearance of being older than they actually are.
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From the perspective of any program reading files from the simplified
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directories, the files will lookB<*> and behave the same way as the initial
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state.
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B<*> Except for having an increased number of hard links.
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=head1 OPTIONS
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=over
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=item B<-v>
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Verbose output.
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=item B<-f>
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Print a sum of the number of freed bytes.
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=item B<-m> I<REGEX>
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Only match file paths matching I<REGEX>.
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=item B<-M> I<REGEX>
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Exclude file paths matching I<REGEX>.
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=item B<-z>
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Include zero-length files in search. Normally they are ignored (you don't save
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diskspace by hard-linking empty files).
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=item B<--help>
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Output this help message and exit.
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=item B<--version>
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Output version information and exit.
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=back
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By default, scans the current directory.
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=head1 COPYRIGHT
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Copyright (C) 2010-2022 Dan Church.
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License GPLv3: GNU GPL version 3.0 (L<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html>)
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with Commons Clause 1.0 (L<https://commonsclause.com/>).
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This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
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There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
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You may NOT use this software for commercial purposes.
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=head1 AUTHOR
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Written by Dan Church S<E<lt>amphetamachine@gmail.comE<gt>>
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=cut
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use File::Find qw/ find /;
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use Getopt::Std qw/ getopts /;
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sub HELP_MESSAGE {
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my $fh = shift;
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print $fh <<EOF
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Usage: $0 [DIRS]
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Simplify a directory by hard-linking identical files.
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-v Verbose output.
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-f Print a sum of the number of freed bytes.
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-m REGEX Only match file paths matching REGEX.
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-M REGEX Exclude file paths matching REGEX.
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-z Include zero-length files in search.
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By default, scans the current directory.
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See also `perldoc $0'
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EOF
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;
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exit 0;
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}
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MAIN: {
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&getopts('vfm:M:z', \ my %opts);
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my $verbose = defined $opts{v};
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my $print_freed = defined $opts{f};
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my $files_match = $opts{m} || '';
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my $files_exclude = $opts{M} || '';
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my $include_zero_length_files = defined $opts{z};
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my $print_progress = $verbose;
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# correct relative paths
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# OR if no directories given, search the current directory
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my @dirs_to_process = map { Cwd::abs_path($_) } (@ARGV ? @ARGV : ($ENV{PWD}));
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my @files;
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print STDERR 'Finding files...'
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if $verbose;
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&find(sub {
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# outright skip directories (don't report skip)
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return if -d $File::Find::name;
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# skip non-existent files and links
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unless (-f $File::Find::name && ! -l $File::Find::name) {
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return;
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}
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push @files, Directory::Simplify::File->new($File::Find::name);
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}, @dirs_to_process);
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printf STDERR "%d files found",
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scalar @files
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if $verbose;
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# Limit to or exclude file patterns specified by `-m' or `-M', respectively
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#
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# Truth table:
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# -m matches | -M is used & matches | !return?
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# 0 | 0 | 0
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# 0 | 1 | 0
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# 1 | 0 | 1
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# 1 | 1 | 0
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# note: m// will match everything
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my $file_ct_before_filter = scalar @files;
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@files = grep {
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$_->{rel_name} =~ $files_match
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} @files;
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if ($file_ct_before_filter != scalar @files) {
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printf STDERR " (%d files filtered by -m rule)",
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$file_ct_before_filter - scalar @files
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if $verbose;
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}
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if (length $files_exclude) {
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$file_ct_before_filter = scalar @files;
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@files = grep {
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not $_->{rel_name} =~ $files_exclude
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} @files;
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if ($file_ct_before_filter != scalar @files) {
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printf STDERR " (%d files filtered by -M rule)",
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$file_ct_before_filter - scalar @files
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if $verbose;
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}
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}
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# Shortcut: Only generate hashes and inspect files that do not have a
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# unique size. The reasoning being that file sizes do not match, there's no
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# possible way those two files can have the same contents.
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my %file_sizes;
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++$file_sizes{$_->{size}} foreach @files;
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@files = grep {
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$file_sizes{$_->{size}} > 1
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} @files;
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printf STDERR " (%d candidates).\n",
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scalar @files
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if $verbose;
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unless (@files) {
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printf STDERR "Nothing to do.\n";
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exit 0;
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}
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print STDERR "Generating hashes..." if $verbose;
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my $filehash = Directory::Simplify::FileHash->new;
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my $report_every = 1; # seconds
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my $processed_bytes = 0;
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my $last_report = time;
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my $total_size_hr = sprintf "%0.4G %s", Directory::Simplify::Utils::hr_size(&sum(map { $_->{size} } @files) or 0);
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my $cb;
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if ($print_progress) {
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printf STDERR "\e\x{37}";
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$cb = sub {
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my ($file, $now) = (shift, time);
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$processed_bytes += $file->{size};
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if ($now >= $last_report + $report_every) {
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printf STDERR "\e\x{38}%8s / %8s",
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(sprintf '%0.4G %s', Directory::Simplify::Utils::hr_size($processed_bytes)),
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$total_size_hr;
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$last_report = $now;
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}
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};
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}
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$filehash->add({
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files => \@files,
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callback => $cb,
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});
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print STDERR "done.\n"
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if $verbose;
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my $generator = Directory::Simplify::Instruction::Generator->new(
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filehash => $filehash,
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min_size => ($include_zero_length_files ? 0 : 1),
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);
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my $freed_bytes = 0;
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foreach my $inst ($generator->instructions) {
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print STDERR $inst, "\n" if $verbose;
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$inst->run;
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$freed_bytes += $inst->bytes_freed;
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}
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printf STDERR "freed %d bytes (%0.4G %s)\n",
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$freed_bytes,
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Directory::Simplify::Utils::hr_size($freed_bytes)
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if $print_freed or $verbose;
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}
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package Directory::Simplify::Utils;
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use strict;
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use warnings;
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sub hr_size {
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my $sz = shift;
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my @sizes = qw/ B KB MB GB TB PB EB ZB YB /;
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my $fact = 1024;
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my $thresh = 0.1;
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my @ret;
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foreach my $exp (reverse 0 .. $#sizes) {
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if ($sz > (1 - $thresh) * $fact ** $exp) {
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@ret = ($sz / $fact ** $exp, $sizes[$exp]);
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last;
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}
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}
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# default to ($sz, 'bytes')
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@ret = ($sz, $sizes[0]) unless @ret;
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wantarray ? @ret : "@ret"
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}
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sub shell_quote {
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# shell-escape argument for inclusion in non-interpolated single quotes
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my @transformed = map {
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(my $out = $_)
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=~ s/'/'\\''/g;
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"'$out'";
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} @_;
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wantarray ? @transformed : $transformed[0];
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}
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package Directory::Simplify::Instruction::Hardlink;
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use strict;
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use warnings;
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use overload '""' => 'as_string';
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sub new {
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my $class = shift;
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return bless {
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freed => 0,
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@_,
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}, $class;
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}
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sub run {
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my $self = shift;
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# hard link the files
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unless (unlink $self->{target}->{name}) {
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die "Failed to remove file `$self->{target}->{name}': $!\n";
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}
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unless (link $self->{source}->{name}, $self->{target}->{name}) {
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die "Failed to hard link `$self->{source}->{name}' => `$self->{target}->{name}': $!";
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}
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# bookkeeping
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++$self->{source}->{nlink};
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if (--$self->{target}->{nlink} == 0) {
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$self->{freed} = $self->{target}->{size};
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}
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}
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sub bytes_freed {
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my $self = shift;
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return $self->{freed};
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}
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sub as_string {
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my $self = shift;
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return sprintf 'ln -sf %s %s', Directory::Simplify::Utils::shell_quote($self->{source}->{name}, $self->{target}->{name});
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}
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package Directory::Simplify::Instruction::CopyTimestamp;
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use strict;
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use warnings;
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use overload '""' => 'as_string';
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sub new {
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my $class = shift;
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return bless {
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@_,
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}, $class;
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}
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sub run {
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my $self = shift;
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# preserve older time stamp
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utime $self->{source}->{atime}, $self->{source}->{mtime}, $self->{target}->{name};
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}
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sub bytes_freed {
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return 0;
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}
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sub as_string {
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my $self = shift;
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return sprintf 'touch -r %s %s', Directory::Simplify::Utils::shell_quote($self->{source}->{name}, $self->{target}->{name});
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}
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package Directory::Simplify::Instruction::Generator;
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use strict;
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use warnings;
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use overload '""' => 'as_string';
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use File::Basename qw/ dirname /;
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use File::Compare qw/ compare /;
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sub new {
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my $class = shift;
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return bless {
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filehash => undef,
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min_size => 1,
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@_,
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}, $class;
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}
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sub as_string {
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my $self = shift;
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join "\n", $self->instructions;
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}
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sub buckets {
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my $self = shift;
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my @candidate_lists = $self->{filehash}->entries;
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my @buckets;
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foreach my $candidates (@candidate_lists) {
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my @ca = @{$candidates}; # make a clone
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my @these_buckets;
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# at least two files needed to link together
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if (@ca > 1) {
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ELIMINATOR: while (@ca) {
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my $entry = shift @ca;
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next ELIMINATOR if $self->_entry_should_be_skipped($entry);
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foreach my $bucket_idx (0 .. $#these_buckets) {
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if (&_entries_are_hard_linkable($these_buckets[$bucket_idx]->[0], $entry)) {
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push @{$these_buckets[$bucket_idx]}, $entry;
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next ELIMINATOR;
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}
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}
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# didn't find a bucket (even though the hash matched!)
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# -> new bucket
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push @these_buckets, [$entry];
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}
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}
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push @buckets, @these_buckets;
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}
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@buckets
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}
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sub _entry_should_be_skipped {
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my ($self, $entry_a) = @_;
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# too small to be hard-linked
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if ($entry_a->{size} < $self->{min_size}) {
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return 1;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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sub _entries_are_hard_linkable {
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my ($entry_a, $entry_b) = @_;
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# obviously, if the sizes aren't the same, they're not the same file
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unless (&_entries_sizes_match($entry_a, $entry_b)) {
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return 0;
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}
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# they're the same file, don't try it
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if (&_entries_are_already_hard_linked($entry_a, $entry_b)) {
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return 0;
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}
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if (&_entries_contents_match($entry_a, $entry_b)) {
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return 1;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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sub oldest_mtime {
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my $self = shift;
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return sort {
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$a->{mtime} <=> $b->{mtime}
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} @_;
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}
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sub more_linked {
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my $self = shift;
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my %warned;
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return sort {
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if (! -w &dirname($a->{name})) {
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warn "Warning: $a->{name} not able to be unlinked!" unless $warned{$a->{name}}++;
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return 1; # favor a -> front
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} elsif (! -w &dirname($b->{name})) {
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warn "Warning: $b->{name} not able to be unlinked!" unless $warned{$b->{name}}++;
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return -1; # favor b -> front
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}
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$b->{nlink} <=> $a->{nlink}
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} @_;
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}
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sub _entries_are_already_hard_linked {
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my ($entry_a, $entry_b) = @_;
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if ($entry_a->{ino} == $entry_b->{ino} and
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$entry_a->{dev} == $entry_b->{dev}) {
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return 1;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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sub _entries_sizes_match {
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my ($entry_a, $entry_b) = @_;
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if ($entry_a->{size} != $entry_b->{size}) {
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return 0;
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}
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return 1;
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}
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sub _entries_contents_match {
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my ($entry_a, $entry_b) = @_;
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my $contents_same = (0 == &File::Compare::compare($entry_a->{name}, $entry_b->{name}));
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# warn about hash collision
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unless ($contents_same) {
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warn "Hash collision between files:\n* $entry_a->{name}\n* $entry_b->{name}\n (don't panic)\n";
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}
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return $contents_same;
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}
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# generate hardlink instructions
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sub instructions {
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require Scalar::Util;
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my $self = shift;
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# start generating instructions
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my @inst;
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foreach my $bucket ($self->buckets) {
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# of the bucket, find the oldest timestamp
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my ($oldest_entry) = $self->oldest_mtime(@{$bucket});
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# of the bucket, find the file most embedded in the file system
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my @to_link = $self->more_linked(@{$bucket});
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my $most_linked_entry = shift @to_link;
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foreach my $entry (@to_link) {
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# XXX there shouldn't be a need to update entries' link counts,
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# since this generates all the instructions at once
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push @inst, Directory::Simplify::Instruction::Hardlink->new(
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source => $most_linked_entry,
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target => $entry,
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);
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push @inst, Directory::Simplify::Instruction::CopyTimestamp->new(
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source => $oldest_entry,
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target => $entry,
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);
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}
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if (&Scalar::Util::refaddr($most_linked_entry) != &Scalar::Util::refaddr($oldest_entry)) {
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# most_linked_entry should get its timestamp updated
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push @inst, Directory::Simplify::Instruction::CopyTimestamp->new(
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source => $oldest_entry,
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target => $most_linked_entry,
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);
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}
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}
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@inst
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}
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package Directory::Simplify::File;
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use strict;
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use warnings;
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require Cwd;
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sub new {
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my $class = shift;
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my $rel_name = shift;
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my $self = bless {
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rel_name => $rel_name,
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name => Cwd::abs_path($rel_name),
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}, $class;
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(@{$self}{qw/ dev ino mode nlink uid gid rdev size
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atime mtime ctime blksize blocks /})
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= lstat $self->{name};
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$self
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}
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sub hash {
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my $self = shift;
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unless (defined $self->{_hash}) {
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require Digest::SHA;
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my $ctx = Digest::SHA->new;
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$ctx->addfile($self->{name});
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$self->{_hash} = $ctx->hexdigest;
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}
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$self->{_hash}
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}
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package Directory::Simplify::FileHash;
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use strict;
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use warnings;
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=head1 DESCRIPTION
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Object for abstracting management of a hashed filesystem
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=cut
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sub new {
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my $class = shift;
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return bless {
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_entries => {},
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_files_in_hash => {},
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@_,
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}, $class;
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}
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sub add {
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my $self = shift;
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my (@files, $callback);
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if (ref $_[0] eq 'HASH') {
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# Called method like { files => [] }
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my %opts = %{$_[0]};
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@files = @{$opts{files}};
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$callback = $opts{callback};
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} else {
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@files = @_;
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}
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foreach my $file (@files) {
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unless (ref $file eq 'Directory::Simplify::File') {
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$file = Directory::Simplify::File->new($file);
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}
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unless ($self->{_files_in_hash}->{$file->{name}}) {
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my $hash = $file->hash;
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unless (defined $self->{_entries}->{$hash}) {
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$self->{_entries}->{$hash} = [];
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}
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push @{$self->{_entries}->{$hash}}, $file;
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&{$callback}($file) if ref $callback eq 'CODE';
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}
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$self->{_files_in_hash}->{$file->{name}} = 1;
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}
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}
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sub entries {
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my $self = shift;
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values %{$self->{_entries}}
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}
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