mirror of
https://git.wownero.com/wownero/wownero.git
synced 2024-08-15 01:03:23 +00:00
436 lines
16 KiB
Text
436 lines
16 KiB
Text
Google C++ Testing Framework
|
|
============================
|
|
|
|
http://code.google.com/p/googletest/
|
|
|
|
Overview
|
|
--------
|
|
|
|
Google's framework for writing C++ tests on a variety of platforms
|
|
(Linux, Mac OS X, Windows, Windows CE, Symbian, etc). Based on the
|
|
xUnit architecture. Supports automatic test discovery, a rich set of
|
|
assertions, user-defined assertions, death tests, fatal and non-fatal
|
|
failures, various options for running the tests, and XML test report
|
|
generation.
|
|
|
|
Please see the project page above for more information as well as the
|
|
mailing list for questions, discussions, and development. There is
|
|
also an IRC channel on OFTC (irc.oftc.net) #gtest available. Please
|
|
join us!
|
|
|
|
Requirements for End Users
|
|
--------------------------
|
|
|
|
Google Test is designed to have fairly minimal requirements to build
|
|
and use with your projects, but there are some. Currently, we support
|
|
Linux, Windows, Mac OS X, and Cygwin. We will also make our best
|
|
effort to support other platforms (e.g. Solaris, AIX, and z/OS).
|
|
However, since core members of the Google Test project have no access
|
|
to these platforms, Google Test may have outstanding issues there. If
|
|
you notice any problems on your platform, please notify
|
|
googletestframework@googlegroups.com. Patches for fixing them are
|
|
even more welcome!
|
|
|
|
### Linux Requirements ###
|
|
|
|
These are the base requirements to build and use Google Test from a source
|
|
package (as described below):
|
|
* GNU-compatible Make or gmake
|
|
* POSIX-standard shell
|
|
* POSIX(-2) Regular Expressions (regex.h)
|
|
* A C++98-standard-compliant compiler
|
|
|
|
### Windows Requirements ###
|
|
|
|
* Microsoft Visual C++ 7.1 or newer
|
|
|
|
### Cygwin Requirements ###
|
|
|
|
* Cygwin 1.5.25-14 or newer
|
|
|
|
### Mac OS X Requirements ###
|
|
|
|
* Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger or newer
|
|
* Developer Tools Installed
|
|
|
|
Also, you'll need CMake 2.6.4 or higher if you want to build the
|
|
samples using the provided CMake script, regardless of the platform.
|
|
|
|
Requirements for Contributors
|
|
-----------------------------
|
|
|
|
We welcome patches. If you plan to contribute a patch, you need to
|
|
build Google Test and its own tests from an SVN checkout (described
|
|
below), which has further requirements:
|
|
|
|
* Python version 2.3 or newer (for running some of the tests and
|
|
re-generating certain source files from templates)
|
|
* CMake 2.6.4 or newer
|
|
|
|
Getting the Source
|
|
------------------
|
|
|
|
There are two primary ways of getting Google Test's source code: you
|
|
can download a stable source release in your preferred archive format,
|
|
or directly check out the source from our Subversion (SVN) repository.
|
|
The SVN checkout requires a few extra steps and some extra software
|
|
packages on your system, but lets you track the latest development and
|
|
make patches much more easily, so we highly encourage it.
|
|
|
|
### Source Package ###
|
|
|
|
Google Test is released in versioned source packages which can be
|
|
downloaded from the download page [1]. Several different archive
|
|
formats are provided, but the only difference is the tools used to
|
|
manipulate them, and the size of the resulting file. Download
|
|
whichever you are most comfortable with.
|
|
|
|
[1] http://code.google.com/p/googletest/downloads/list
|
|
|
|
Once the package is downloaded, expand it using whichever tools you
|
|
prefer for that type. This will result in a new directory with the
|
|
name "gtest-X.Y.Z" which contains all of the source code. Here are
|
|
some examples on Linux:
|
|
|
|
tar -xvzf gtest-X.Y.Z.tar.gz
|
|
tar -xvjf gtest-X.Y.Z.tar.bz2
|
|
unzip gtest-X.Y.Z.zip
|
|
|
|
### SVN Checkout ###
|
|
|
|
To check out the main branch (also known as the "trunk") of Google
|
|
Test, run the following Subversion command:
|
|
|
|
svn checkout http://googletest.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/ gtest-svn
|
|
|
|
Setting up the Build
|
|
--------------------
|
|
|
|
To build Google Test and your tests that use it, you need to tell your
|
|
build system where to find its headers and source files. The exact
|
|
way to do it depends on which build system you use, and is usually
|
|
straightforward.
|
|
|
|
### Generic Build Instructions ###
|
|
|
|
Suppose you put Google Test in directory ${GTEST_DIR}. To build it,
|
|
create a library build target (or a project as called by Visual Studio
|
|
and Xcode) to compile
|
|
|
|
${GTEST_DIR}/src/gtest-all.cc
|
|
|
|
with ${GTEST_DIR}/include in the system header search path and ${GTEST_DIR}
|
|
in the normal header search path. Assuming a Linux-like system and gcc,
|
|
something like the following will do:
|
|
|
|
g++ -isystem ${GTEST_DIR}/include -I${GTEST_DIR} \
|
|
-pthread -c ${GTEST_DIR}/src/gtest-all.cc
|
|
ar -rv libgtest.a gtest-all.o
|
|
|
|
(We need -pthread as Google Test uses threads.)
|
|
|
|
Next, you should compile your test source file with
|
|
${GTEST_DIR}/include in the system header search path, and link it
|
|
with gtest and any other necessary libraries:
|
|
|
|
g++ -isystem ${GTEST_DIR}/include -pthread path/to/your_test.cc libgtest.a \
|
|
-o your_test
|
|
|
|
As an example, the make/ directory contains a Makefile that you can
|
|
use to build Google Test on systems where GNU make is available
|
|
(e.g. Linux, Mac OS X, and Cygwin). It doesn't try to build Google
|
|
Test's own tests. Instead, it just builds the Google Test library and
|
|
a sample test. You can use it as a starting point for your own build
|
|
script.
|
|
|
|
If the default settings are correct for your environment, the
|
|
following commands should succeed:
|
|
|
|
cd ${GTEST_DIR}/make
|
|
make
|
|
./sample1_unittest
|
|
|
|
If you see errors, try to tweak the contents of make/Makefile to make
|
|
them go away. There are instructions in make/Makefile on how to do
|
|
it.
|
|
|
|
### Using CMake ###
|
|
|
|
Google Test comes with a CMake build script (CMakeLists.txt) that can
|
|
be used on a wide range of platforms ("C" stands for cross-platform.).
|
|
If you don't have CMake installed already, you can download it for
|
|
free from http://www.cmake.org/.
|
|
|
|
CMake works by generating native makefiles or build projects that can
|
|
be used in the compiler environment of your choice. The typical
|
|
workflow starts with:
|
|
|
|
mkdir mybuild # Create a directory to hold the build output.
|
|
cd mybuild
|
|
cmake ${GTEST_DIR} # Generate native build scripts.
|
|
|
|
If you want to build Google Test's samples, you should replace the
|
|
last command with
|
|
|
|
cmake -Dgtest_build_samples=ON ${GTEST_DIR}
|
|
|
|
If you are on a *nix system, you should now see a Makefile in the
|
|
current directory. Just type 'make' to build gtest.
|
|
|
|
If you use Windows and have Visual Studio installed, a gtest.sln file
|
|
and several .vcproj files will be created. You can then build them
|
|
using Visual Studio.
|
|
|
|
On Mac OS X with Xcode installed, a .xcodeproj file will be generated.
|
|
|
|
### Legacy Build Scripts ###
|
|
|
|
Before settling on CMake, we have been providing hand-maintained build
|
|
projects/scripts for Visual Studio, Xcode, and Autotools. While we
|
|
continue to provide them for convenience, they are not actively
|
|
maintained any more. We highly recommend that you follow the
|
|
instructions in the previous two sections to integrate Google Test
|
|
with your existing build system.
|
|
|
|
If you still need to use the legacy build scripts, here's how:
|
|
|
|
The msvc\ folder contains two solutions with Visual C++ projects.
|
|
Open the gtest.sln or gtest-md.sln file using Visual Studio, and you
|
|
are ready to build Google Test the same way you build any Visual
|
|
Studio project. Files that have names ending with -md use DLL
|
|
versions of Microsoft runtime libraries (the /MD or the /MDd compiler
|
|
option). Files without that suffix use static versions of the runtime
|
|
libraries (the /MT or the /MTd option). Please note that one must use
|
|
the same option to compile both gtest and the test code. If you use
|
|
Visual Studio 2005 or above, we recommend the -md version as /MD is
|
|
the default for new projects in these versions of Visual Studio.
|
|
|
|
On Mac OS X, open the gtest.xcodeproj in the xcode/ folder using
|
|
Xcode. Build the "gtest" target. The universal binary framework will
|
|
end up in your selected build directory (selected in the Xcode
|
|
"Preferences..." -> "Building" pane and defaults to xcode/build).
|
|
Alternatively, at the command line, enter:
|
|
|
|
xcodebuild
|
|
|
|
This will build the "Release" configuration of gtest.framework in your
|
|
default build location. See the "xcodebuild" man page for more
|
|
information about building different configurations and building in
|
|
different locations.
|
|
|
|
If you wish to use the Google Test Xcode project with Xcode 4.x and
|
|
above, you need to either:
|
|
* update the SDK configuration options in xcode/Config/General.xconfig.
|
|
Comment options SDKROOT, MACOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET, and GCC_VERSION. If
|
|
you choose this route you lose the ability to target earlier versions
|
|
of MacOS X.
|
|
* Install an SDK for an earlier version. This doesn't appear to be
|
|
supported by Apple, but has been reported to work
|
|
(http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5378518).
|
|
|
|
Tweaking Google Test
|
|
--------------------
|
|
|
|
Google Test can be used in diverse environments. The default
|
|
configuration may not work (or may not work well) out of the box in
|
|
some environments. However, you can easily tweak Google Test by
|
|
defining control macros on the compiler command line. Generally,
|
|
these macros are named like GTEST_XYZ and you define them to either 1
|
|
or 0 to enable or disable a certain feature.
|
|
|
|
We list the most frequently used macros below. For a complete list,
|
|
see file include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h.
|
|
|
|
### Choosing a TR1 Tuple Library ###
|
|
|
|
Some Google Test features require the C++ Technical Report 1 (TR1)
|
|
tuple library, which is not yet available with all compilers. The
|
|
good news is that Google Test implements a subset of TR1 tuple that's
|
|
enough for its own need, and will automatically use this when the
|
|
compiler doesn't provide TR1 tuple.
|
|
|
|
Usually you don't need to care about which tuple library Google Test
|
|
uses. However, if your project already uses TR1 tuple, you need to
|
|
tell Google Test to use the same TR1 tuple library the rest of your
|
|
project uses, or the two tuple implementations will clash. To do
|
|
that, add
|
|
|
|
-DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=0
|
|
|
|
to the compiler flags while compiling Google Test and your tests. If
|
|
you want to force Google Test to use its own tuple library, just add
|
|
|
|
-DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=1
|
|
|
|
to the compiler flags instead.
|
|
|
|
If you don't want Google Test to use tuple at all, add
|
|
|
|
-DGTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE=0
|
|
|
|
and all features using tuple will be disabled.
|
|
|
|
### Multi-threaded Tests ###
|
|
|
|
Google Test is thread-safe where the pthread library is available.
|
|
After #include "gtest/gtest.h", you can check the GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE
|
|
macro to see whether this is the case (yes if the macro is #defined to
|
|
1, no if it's undefined.).
|
|
|
|
If Google Test doesn't correctly detect whether pthread is available
|
|
in your environment, you can force it with
|
|
|
|
-DGTEST_HAS_PTHREAD=1
|
|
|
|
or
|
|
|
|
-DGTEST_HAS_PTHREAD=0
|
|
|
|
When Google Test uses pthread, you may need to add flags to your
|
|
compiler and/or linker to select the pthread library, or you'll get
|
|
link errors. If you use the CMake script or the deprecated Autotools
|
|
script, this is taken care of for you. If you use your own build
|
|
script, you'll need to read your compiler and linker's manual to
|
|
figure out what flags to add.
|
|
|
|
### As a Shared Library (DLL) ###
|
|
|
|
Google Test is compact, so most users can build and link it as a
|
|
static library for the simplicity. You can choose to use Google Test
|
|
as a shared library (known as a DLL on Windows) if you prefer.
|
|
|
|
To compile *gtest* as a shared library, add
|
|
|
|
-DGTEST_CREATE_SHARED_LIBRARY=1
|
|
|
|
to the compiler flags. You'll also need to tell the linker to produce
|
|
a shared library instead - consult your linker's manual for how to do
|
|
it.
|
|
|
|
To compile your *tests* that use the gtest shared library, add
|
|
|
|
-DGTEST_LINKED_AS_SHARED_LIBRARY=1
|
|
|
|
to the compiler flags.
|
|
|
|
Note: while the above steps aren't technically necessary today when
|
|
using some compilers (e.g. GCC), they may become necessary in the
|
|
future, if we decide to improve the speed of loading the library (see
|
|
http://gcc.gnu.org/wiki/Visibility for details). Therefore you are
|
|
recommended to always add the above flags when using Google Test as a
|
|
shared library. Otherwise a future release of Google Test may break
|
|
your build script.
|
|
|
|
### Avoiding Macro Name Clashes ###
|
|
|
|
In C++, macros don't obey namespaces. Therefore two libraries that
|
|
both define a macro of the same name will clash if you #include both
|
|
definitions. In case a Google Test macro clashes with another
|
|
library, you can force Google Test to rename its macro to avoid the
|
|
conflict.
|
|
|
|
Specifically, if both Google Test and some other code define macro
|
|
FOO, you can add
|
|
|
|
-DGTEST_DONT_DEFINE_FOO=1
|
|
|
|
to the compiler flags to tell Google Test to change the macro's name
|
|
from FOO to GTEST_FOO. Currently FOO can be FAIL, SUCCEED, or TEST.
|
|
For example, with -DGTEST_DONT_DEFINE_TEST=1, you'll need to write
|
|
|
|
GTEST_TEST(SomeTest, DoesThis) { ... }
|
|
|
|
instead of
|
|
|
|
TEST(SomeTest, DoesThis) { ... }
|
|
|
|
in order to define a test.
|
|
|
|
Upgrating from an Earlier Version
|
|
---------------------------------
|
|
|
|
We strive to keep Google Test releases backward compatible.
|
|
Sometimes, though, we have to make some breaking changes for the
|
|
users' long-term benefits. This section describes what you'll need to
|
|
do if you are upgrading from an earlier version of Google Test.
|
|
|
|
### Upgrading from 1.3.0 or Earlier ###
|
|
|
|
You may need to explicitly enable or disable Google Test's own TR1
|
|
tuple library. See the instructions in section "Choosing a TR1 Tuple
|
|
Library".
|
|
|
|
### Upgrading from 1.4.0 or Earlier ###
|
|
|
|
The Autotools build script (configure + make) is no longer officially
|
|
supportted. You are encouraged to migrate to your own build system or
|
|
use CMake. If you still need to use Autotools, you can find
|
|
instructions in the README file from Google Test 1.4.0.
|
|
|
|
On platforms where the pthread library is available, Google Test uses
|
|
it in order to be thread-safe. See the "Multi-threaded Tests" section
|
|
for what this means to your build script.
|
|
|
|
If you use Microsoft Visual C++ 7.1 with exceptions disabled, Google
|
|
Test will no longer compile. This should affect very few people, as a
|
|
large portion of STL (including <string>) doesn't compile in this mode
|
|
anyway. We decided to stop supporting it in order to greatly simplify
|
|
Google Test's implementation.
|
|
|
|
Developing Google Test
|
|
----------------------
|
|
|
|
This section discusses how to make your own changes to Google Test.
|
|
|
|
### Testing Google Test Itself ###
|
|
|
|
To make sure your changes work as intended and don't break existing
|
|
functionality, you'll want to compile and run Google Test's own tests.
|
|
For that you can use CMake:
|
|
|
|
mkdir mybuild
|
|
cd mybuild
|
|
cmake -Dgtest_build_tests=ON ${GTEST_DIR}
|
|
|
|
Make sure you have Python installed, as some of Google Test's tests
|
|
are written in Python. If the cmake command complains about not being
|
|
able to find Python ("Could NOT find PythonInterp (missing:
|
|
PYTHON_EXECUTABLE)"), try telling it explicitly where your Python
|
|
executable can be found:
|
|
|
|
cmake -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=path/to/python -Dgtest_build_tests=ON ${GTEST_DIR}
|
|
|
|
Next, you can build Google Test and all of its own tests. On *nix,
|
|
this is usually done by 'make'. To run the tests, do
|
|
|
|
make test
|
|
|
|
All tests should pass.
|
|
|
|
### Regenerating Source Files ###
|
|
|
|
Some of Google Test's source files are generated from templates (not
|
|
in the C++ sense) using a script. A template file is named FOO.pump,
|
|
where FOO is the name of the file it will generate. For example, the
|
|
file include/gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h.pump is used to generate
|
|
gtest-type-util.h in the same directory.
|
|
|
|
Normally you don't need to worry about regenerating the source files,
|
|
unless you need to modify them. In that case, you should modify the
|
|
corresponding .pump files instead and run the pump.py Python script to
|
|
regenerate them. You can find pump.py in the scripts/ directory.
|
|
Read the Pump manual [2] for how to use it.
|
|
|
|
[2] http://code.google.com/p/googletest/wiki/PumpManual
|
|
|
|
### Contributing a Patch ###
|
|
|
|
We welcome patches. Please read the Google Test developer's guide [3]
|
|
for how you can contribute. In particular, make sure you have signed
|
|
the Contributor License Agreement, or we won't be able to accept the
|
|
patch.
|
|
|
|
[3] http://code.google.com/p/googletest/wiki/GoogleTestDevGuide
|
|
|
|
Happy testing!
|