638 lines
22 KiB
Python
638 lines
22 KiB
Python
from __future__ import annotations
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import functools
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import logging
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import typing
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import warnings
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from types import TracebackType
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from urllib.parse import urljoin
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from ._collections import HTTPHeaderDict, RecentlyUsedContainer
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from ._request_methods import RequestMethods
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from .connection import ProxyConfig
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from .connectionpool import HTTPConnectionPool, HTTPSConnectionPool, port_by_scheme
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from .exceptions import (
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LocationValueError,
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MaxRetryError,
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ProxySchemeUnknown,
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URLSchemeUnknown,
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)
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from .response import BaseHTTPResponse
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from .util.connection import _TYPE_SOCKET_OPTIONS
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from .util.proxy import connection_requires_http_tunnel
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from .util.retry import Retry
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from .util.timeout import Timeout
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from .util.url import Url, parse_url
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if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
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import ssl
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from typing import Literal
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__all__ = ["PoolManager", "ProxyManager", "proxy_from_url"]
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log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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SSL_KEYWORDS = (
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"key_file",
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"cert_file",
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"cert_reqs",
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"ca_certs",
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"ca_cert_data",
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"ssl_version",
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"ssl_minimum_version",
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"ssl_maximum_version",
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"ca_cert_dir",
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"ssl_context",
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"key_password",
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"server_hostname",
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)
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# Default value for `blocksize` - a new parameter introduced to
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# http.client.HTTPConnection & http.client.HTTPSConnection in Python 3.7
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_DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE = 16384
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_SelfT = typing.TypeVar("_SelfT")
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class PoolKey(typing.NamedTuple):
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"""
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All known keyword arguments that could be provided to the pool manager, its
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pools, or the underlying connections.
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All custom key schemes should include the fields in this key at a minimum.
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"""
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key_scheme: str
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key_host: str
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key_port: int | None
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key_timeout: Timeout | float | int | None
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key_retries: Retry | bool | int | None
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key_block: bool | None
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key_source_address: tuple[str, int] | None
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key_key_file: str | None
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key_key_password: str | None
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key_cert_file: str | None
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key_cert_reqs: str | None
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key_ca_certs: str | None
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key_ca_cert_data: str | bytes | None
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key_ssl_version: int | str | None
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key_ssl_minimum_version: ssl.TLSVersion | None
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key_ssl_maximum_version: ssl.TLSVersion | None
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key_ca_cert_dir: str | None
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key_ssl_context: ssl.SSLContext | None
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key_maxsize: int | None
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key_headers: frozenset[tuple[str, str]] | None
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key__proxy: Url | None
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key__proxy_headers: frozenset[tuple[str, str]] | None
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key__proxy_config: ProxyConfig | None
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key_socket_options: _TYPE_SOCKET_OPTIONS | None
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key__socks_options: frozenset[tuple[str, str]] | None
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key_assert_hostname: bool | str | None
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key_assert_fingerprint: str | None
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key_server_hostname: str | None
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key_blocksize: int | None
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def _default_key_normalizer(
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key_class: type[PoolKey], request_context: dict[str, typing.Any]
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) -> PoolKey:
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"""
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Create a pool key out of a request context dictionary.
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According to RFC 3986, both the scheme and host are case-insensitive.
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Therefore, this function normalizes both before constructing the pool
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key for an HTTPS request. If you wish to change this behaviour, provide
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alternate callables to ``key_fn_by_scheme``.
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:param key_class:
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The class to use when constructing the key. This should be a namedtuple
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with the ``scheme`` and ``host`` keys at a minimum.
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:type key_class: namedtuple
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:param request_context:
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A dictionary-like object that contain the context for a request.
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:type request_context: dict
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:return: A namedtuple that can be used as a connection pool key.
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:rtype: PoolKey
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"""
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# Since we mutate the dictionary, make a copy first
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context = request_context.copy()
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context["scheme"] = context["scheme"].lower()
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context["host"] = context["host"].lower()
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# These are both dictionaries and need to be transformed into frozensets
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for key in ("headers", "_proxy_headers", "_socks_options"):
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if key in context and context[key] is not None:
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context[key] = frozenset(context[key].items())
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# The socket_options key may be a list and needs to be transformed into a
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# tuple.
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socket_opts = context.get("socket_options")
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if socket_opts is not None:
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context["socket_options"] = tuple(socket_opts)
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# Map the kwargs to the names in the namedtuple - this is necessary since
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# namedtuples can't have fields starting with '_'.
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for key in list(context.keys()):
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context["key_" + key] = context.pop(key)
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# Default to ``None`` for keys missing from the context
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for field in key_class._fields:
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if field not in context:
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context[field] = None
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# Default key_blocksize to _DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE if missing from the context
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if context.get("key_blocksize") is None:
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context["key_blocksize"] = _DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE
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return key_class(**context)
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#: A dictionary that maps a scheme to a callable that creates a pool key.
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#: This can be used to alter the way pool keys are constructed, if desired.
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#: Each PoolManager makes a copy of this dictionary so they can be configured
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#: globally here, or individually on the instance.
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key_fn_by_scheme = {
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"http": functools.partial(_default_key_normalizer, PoolKey),
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"https": functools.partial(_default_key_normalizer, PoolKey),
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}
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pool_classes_by_scheme = {"http": HTTPConnectionPool, "https": HTTPSConnectionPool}
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class PoolManager(RequestMethods):
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"""
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Allows for arbitrary requests while transparently keeping track of
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necessary connection pools for you.
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:param num_pools:
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Number of connection pools to cache before discarding the least
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recently used pool.
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:param headers:
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Headers to include with all requests, unless other headers are given
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explicitly.
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:param \\**connection_pool_kw:
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Additional parameters are used to create fresh
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:class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` instances.
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Example:
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.. code-block:: python
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import urllib3
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http = urllib3.PoolManager(num_pools=2)
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resp1 = http.request("GET", "https://google.com/")
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resp2 = http.request("GET", "https://google.com/mail")
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resp3 = http.request("GET", "https://yahoo.com/")
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print(len(http.pools))
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# 2
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"""
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proxy: Url | None = None
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proxy_config: ProxyConfig | None = None
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def __init__(
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self,
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num_pools: int = 10,
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headers: typing.Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
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**connection_pool_kw: typing.Any,
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) -> None:
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super().__init__(headers)
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self.connection_pool_kw = connection_pool_kw
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self.pools: RecentlyUsedContainer[PoolKey, HTTPConnectionPool]
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self.pools = RecentlyUsedContainer(num_pools)
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# Locally set the pool classes and keys so other PoolManagers can
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# override them.
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self.pool_classes_by_scheme = pool_classes_by_scheme
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self.key_fn_by_scheme = key_fn_by_scheme.copy()
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def __enter__(self: _SelfT) -> _SelfT:
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return self
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def __exit__(
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self,
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exc_type: type[BaseException] | None,
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exc_val: BaseException | None,
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exc_tb: TracebackType | None,
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) -> Literal[False]:
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self.clear()
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# Return False to re-raise any potential exceptions
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return False
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def _new_pool(
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self,
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scheme: str,
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host: str,
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port: int,
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request_context: dict[str, typing.Any] | None = None,
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) -> HTTPConnectionPool:
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"""
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Create a new :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` based on host, port, scheme, and
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any additional pool keyword arguments.
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If ``request_context`` is provided, it is provided as keyword arguments
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to the pool class used. This method is used to actually create the
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connection pools handed out by :meth:`connection_from_url` and
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companion methods. It is intended to be overridden for customization.
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"""
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pool_cls: type[HTTPConnectionPool] = self.pool_classes_by_scheme[scheme]
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if request_context is None:
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request_context = self.connection_pool_kw.copy()
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# Default blocksize to _DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE if missing or explicitly
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# set to 'None' in the request_context.
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if request_context.get("blocksize") is None:
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request_context["blocksize"] = _DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE
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# Although the context has everything necessary to create the pool,
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# this function has historically only used the scheme, host, and port
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# in the positional args. When an API change is acceptable these can
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# be removed.
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for key in ("scheme", "host", "port"):
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request_context.pop(key, None)
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if scheme == "http":
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for kw in SSL_KEYWORDS:
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request_context.pop(kw, None)
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return pool_cls(host, port, **request_context)
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def clear(self) -> None:
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"""
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Empty our store of pools and direct them all to close.
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This will not affect in-flight connections, but they will not be
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re-used after completion.
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"""
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self.pools.clear()
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def connection_from_host(
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self,
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host: str | None,
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port: int | None = None,
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scheme: str | None = "http",
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pool_kwargs: dict[str, typing.Any] | None = None,
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) -> HTTPConnectionPool:
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"""
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Get a :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` based on the host, port, and scheme.
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If ``port`` isn't given, it will be derived from the ``scheme`` using
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``urllib3.connectionpool.port_by_scheme``. If ``pool_kwargs`` is
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provided, it is merged with the instance's ``connection_pool_kw``
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variable and used to create the new connection pool, if one is
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needed.
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"""
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if not host:
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raise LocationValueError("No host specified.")
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request_context = self._merge_pool_kwargs(pool_kwargs)
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request_context["scheme"] = scheme or "http"
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if not port:
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port = port_by_scheme.get(request_context["scheme"].lower(), 80)
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request_context["port"] = port
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request_context["host"] = host
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return self.connection_from_context(request_context)
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def connection_from_context(
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self, request_context: dict[str, typing.Any]
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) -> HTTPConnectionPool:
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"""
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Get a :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` based on the request context.
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``request_context`` must at least contain the ``scheme`` key and its
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value must be a key in ``key_fn_by_scheme`` instance variable.
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"""
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if "strict" in request_context:
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warnings.warn(
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"The 'strict' parameter is no longer needed on Python 3+. "
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"This will raise an error in urllib3 v2.1.0.",
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DeprecationWarning,
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)
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request_context.pop("strict")
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scheme = request_context["scheme"].lower()
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pool_key_constructor = self.key_fn_by_scheme.get(scheme)
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if not pool_key_constructor:
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raise URLSchemeUnknown(scheme)
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pool_key = pool_key_constructor(request_context)
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return self.connection_from_pool_key(pool_key, request_context=request_context)
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def connection_from_pool_key(
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self, pool_key: PoolKey, request_context: dict[str, typing.Any]
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) -> HTTPConnectionPool:
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"""
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Get a :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` based on the provided pool key.
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``pool_key`` should be a namedtuple that only contains immutable
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objects. At a minimum it must have the ``scheme``, ``host``, and
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``port`` fields.
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"""
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with self.pools.lock:
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# If the scheme, host, or port doesn't match existing open
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# connections, open a new ConnectionPool.
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pool = self.pools.get(pool_key)
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if pool:
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return pool
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# Make a fresh ConnectionPool of the desired type
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scheme = request_context["scheme"]
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host = request_context["host"]
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port = request_context["port"]
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pool = self._new_pool(scheme, host, port, request_context=request_context)
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self.pools[pool_key] = pool
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return pool
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def connection_from_url(
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self, url: str, pool_kwargs: dict[str, typing.Any] | None = None
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) -> HTTPConnectionPool:
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"""
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Similar to :func:`urllib3.connectionpool.connection_from_url`.
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If ``pool_kwargs`` is not provided and a new pool needs to be
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constructed, ``self.connection_pool_kw`` is used to initialize
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the :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool`. If ``pool_kwargs``
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is provided, it is used instead. Note that if a new pool does not
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need to be created for the request, the provided ``pool_kwargs`` are
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not used.
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"""
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u = parse_url(url)
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return self.connection_from_host(
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u.host, port=u.port, scheme=u.scheme, pool_kwargs=pool_kwargs
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)
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def _merge_pool_kwargs(
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self, override: dict[str, typing.Any] | None
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) -> dict[str, typing.Any]:
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"""
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Merge a dictionary of override values for self.connection_pool_kw.
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This does not modify self.connection_pool_kw and returns a new dict.
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Any keys in the override dictionary with a value of ``None`` are
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removed from the merged dictionary.
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"""
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base_pool_kwargs = self.connection_pool_kw.copy()
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if override:
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for key, value in override.items():
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if value is None:
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try:
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del base_pool_kwargs[key]
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except KeyError:
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pass
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else:
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base_pool_kwargs[key] = value
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return base_pool_kwargs
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def _proxy_requires_url_absolute_form(self, parsed_url: Url) -> bool:
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"""
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Indicates if the proxy requires the complete destination URL in the
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request. Normally this is only needed when not using an HTTP CONNECT
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tunnel.
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"""
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if self.proxy is None:
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return False
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return not connection_requires_http_tunnel(
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self.proxy, self.proxy_config, parsed_url.scheme
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)
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def urlopen( # type: ignore[override]
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self, method: str, url: str, redirect: bool = True, **kw: typing.Any
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) -> BaseHTTPResponse:
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"""
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Same as :meth:`urllib3.HTTPConnectionPool.urlopen`
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with custom cross-host redirect logic and only sends the request-uri
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portion of the ``url``.
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The given ``url`` parameter must be absolute, such that an appropriate
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:class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` can be chosen for it.
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"""
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u = parse_url(url)
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if u.scheme is None:
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warnings.warn(
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"URLs without a scheme (ie 'https://') are deprecated and will raise an error "
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"in a future version of urllib3. To avoid this DeprecationWarning ensure all URLs "
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"start with 'https://' or 'http://'. Read more in this issue: "
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"https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/2920",
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category=DeprecationWarning,
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stacklevel=2,
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)
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conn = self.connection_from_host(u.host, port=u.port, scheme=u.scheme)
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kw["assert_same_host"] = False
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kw["redirect"] = False
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if "headers" not in kw:
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kw["headers"] = self.headers
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if self._proxy_requires_url_absolute_form(u):
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response = conn.urlopen(method, url, **kw)
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else:
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response = conn.urlopen(method, u.request_uri, **kw)
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redirect_location = redirect and response.get_redirect_location()
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if not redirect_location:
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return response
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# Support relative URLs for redirecting.
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redirect_location = urljoin(url, redirect_location)
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if response.status == 303:
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# Change the method according to RFC 9110, Section 15.4.4.
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method = "GET"
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# And lose the body not to transfer anything sensitive.
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kw["body"] = None
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kw["headers"] = HTTPHeaderDict(kw["headers"])._prepare_for_method_change()
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retries = kw.get("retries")
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if not isinstance(retries, Retry):
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retries = Retry.from_int(retries, redirect=redirect)
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# Strip headers marked as unsafe to forward to the redirected location.
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# Check remove_headers_on_redirect to avoid a potential network call within
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# conn.is_same_host() which may use socket.gethostbyname() in the future.
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if retries.remove_headers_on_redirect and not conn.is_same_host(
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redirect_location
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):
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new_headers = kw["headers"].copy()
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for header in kw["headers"]:
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if header.lower() in retries.remove_headers_on_redirect:
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new_headers.pop(header, None)
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kw["headers"] = new_headers
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try:
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retries = retries.increment(method, url, response=response, _pool=conn)
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except MaxRetryError:
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if retries.raise_on_redirect:
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response.drain_conn()
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raise
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return response
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kw["retries"] = retries
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kw["redirect"] = redirect
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log.info("Redirecting %s -> %s", url, redirect_location)
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response.drain_conn()
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return self.urlopen(method, redirect_location, **kw)
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class ProxyManager(PoolManager):
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"""
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Behaves just like :class:`PoolManager`, but sends all requests through
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the defined proxy, using the CONNECT method for HTTPS URLs.
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:param proxy_url:
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The URL of the proxy to be used.
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:param proxy_headers:
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A dictionary containing headers that will be sent to the proxy. In case
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of HTTP they are being sent with each request, while in the
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HTTPS/CONNECT case they are sent only once. Could be used for proxy
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authentication.
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:param proxy_ssl_context:
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The proxy SSL context is used to establish the TLS connection to the
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proxy when using HTTPS proxies.
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:param use_forwarding_for_https:
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(Defaults to False) If set to True will forward requests to the HTTPS
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proxy to be made on behalf of the client instead of creating a TLS
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tunnel via the CONNECT method. **Enabling this flag means that request
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and response headers and content will be visible from the HTTPS proxy**
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|
whereas tunneling keeps request and response headers and content
|
|
private. IP address, target hostname, SNI, and port are always visible
|
|
to an HTTPS proxy even when this flag is disabled.
|
|
|
|
:param proxy_assert_hostname:
|
|
The hostname of the certificate to verify against.
|
|
|
|
:param proxy_assert_fingerprint:
|
|
The fingerprint of the certificate to verify against.
|
|
|
|
Example:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: python
|
|
|
|
import urllib3
|
|
|
|
proxy = urllib3.ProxyManager("https://localhost:3128/")
|
|
|
|
resp1 = proxy.request("GET", "https://google.com/")
|
|
resp2 = proxy.request("GET", "https://httpbin.org/")
|
|
|
|
print(len(proxy.pools))
|
|
# 1
|
|
|
|
resp3 = proxy.request("GET", "https://httpbin.org/")
|
|
resp4 = proxy.request("GET", "https://twitter.com/")
|
|
|
|
print(len(proxy.pools))
|
|
# 3
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
def __init__(
|
|
self,
|
|
proxy_url: str,
|
|
num_pools: int = 10,
|
|
headers: typing.Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
|
|
proxy_headers: typing.Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
|
|
proxy_ssl_context: ssl.SSLContext | None = None,
|
|
use_forwarding_for_https: bool = False,
|
|
proxy_assert_hostname: None | str | Literal[False] = None,
|
|
proxy_assert_fingerprint: str | None = None,
|
|
**connection_pool_kw: typing.Any,
|
|
) -> None:
|
|
if isinstance(proxy_url, HTTPConnectionPool):
|
|
str_proxy_url = f"{proxy_url.scheme}://{proxy_url.host}:{proxy_url.port}"
|
|
else:
|
|
str_proxy_url = proxy_url
|
|
proxy = parse_url(str_proxy_url)
|
|
|
|
if proxy.scheme not in ("http", "https"):
|
|
raise ProxySchemeUnknown(proxy.scheme)
|
|
|
|
if not proxy.port:
|
|
port = port_by_scheme.get(proxy.scheme, 80)
|
|
proxy = proxy._replace(port=port)
|
|
|
|
self.proxy = proxy
|
|
self.proxy_headers = proxy_headers or {}
|
|
self.proxy_ssl_context = proxy_ssl_context
|
|
self.proxy_config = ProxyConfig(
|
|
proxy_ssl_context,
|
|
use_forwarding_for_https,
|
|
proxy_assert_hostname,
|
|
proxy_assert_fingerprint,
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
connection_pool_kw["_proxy"] = self.proxy
|
|
connection_pool_kw["_proxy_headers"] = self.proxy_headers
|
|
connection_pool_kw["_proxy_config"] = self.proxy_config
|
|
|
|
super().__init__(num_pools, headers, **connection_pool_kw)
|
|
|
|
def connection_from_host(
|
|
self,
|
|
host: str | None,
|
|
port: int | None = None,
|
|
scheme: str | None = "http",
|
|
pool_kwargs: dict[str, typing.Any] | None = None,
|
|
) -> HTTPConnectionPool:
|
|
if scheme == "https":
|
|
return super().connection_from_host(
|
|
host, port, scheme, pool_kwargs=pool_kwargs
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
return super().connection_from_host(
|
|
self.proxy.host, self.proxy.port, self.proxy.scheme, pool_kwargs=pool_kwargs # type: ignore[union-attr]
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
def _set_proxy_headers(
|
|
self, url: str, headers: typing.Mapping[str, str] | None = None
|
|
) -> typing.Mapping[str, str]:
|
|
"""
|
|
Sets headers needed by proxies: specifically, the Accept and Host
|
|
headers. Only sets headers not provided by the user.
|
|
"""
|
|
headers_ = {"Accept": "*/*"}
|
|
|
|
netloc = parse_url(url).netloc
|
|
if netloc:
|
|
headers_["Host"] = netloc
|
|
|
|
if headers:
|
|
headers_.update(headers)
|
|
return headers_
|
|
|
|
def urlopen( # type: ignore[override]
|
|
self, method: str, url: str, redirect: bool = True, **kw: typing.Any
|
|
) -> BaseHTTPResponse:
|
|
"Same as HTTP(S)ConnectionPool.urlopen, ``url`` must be absolute."
|
|
u = parse_url(url)
|
|
if not connection_requires_http_tunnel(self.proxy, self.proxy_config, u.scheme):
|
|
# For connections using HTTP CONNECT, httplib sets the necessary
|
|
# headers on the CONNECT to the proxy. If we're not using CONNECT,
|
|
# we'll definitely need to set 'Host' at the very least.
|
|
headers = kw.get("headers", self.headers)
|
|
kw["headers"] = self._set_proxy_headers(url, headers)
|
|
|
|
return super().urlopen(method, url, redirect=redirect, **kw)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def proxy_from_url(url: str, **kw: typing.Any) -> ProxyManager:
|
|
return ProxyManager(proxy_url=url, **kw)
|